BIO206H5 Study Guide - Final Guide: Hydrogen Bond, Amine, Peptide

For each of the following sentences, fill in the blanks with the best word or phrase selected from the list below. Not all words or phrases will be used; each word or phrase should be used only once. Proteins are ______________ built from amino acids, which each have an amino group and a _____________ group attached to the central _______________. There are twenty possible _______________ that differ in structure and are generally referred to as “R.” In solutions of neutral pH, amino acids are _______________, carrying both a positive and negative charge. When a protein is made, amino acids are linked together through _______________, which are formed by condensation reactions between the carboxyl end of the last amino acid and the ___________________ end of the next amino acid to be added to the growing chain.

m: hydroxide

Tyrosine has a polar side chain because:
a.) It is asymmetrical
b.) It has two types of atoms that have large differences inelectronegativity
c.) It is symmetrical
d.) both a and b
e.) both b and c

2. Consider the amino acid T at pH 9.23. Its alpha carboxyl grouphas a pKa of 2.63. What is the ratio of
base to acid for this group at this pH?
a.) 1:1
b.) 45637:1
c.) 2,634,678:1
d.) 3,981,072:1
e.) 9,364,345:1

3. Which statement about pKa is not true?
a.) It represents a pH at which 50% of the titratable group is inthe acid form and 50% is in the
base form.
b.) If the pH is less than the pKa, more than 50% of the titratablegroups are unprotonated.
c.) If the pH is greater than the pKa, more than 50% of thetitratable groups are in the base
form.
d.) If the pH is less than the pKa, more than 50% of the titratablegroups are in the acid form.
e.) All of the above are true.

4. At what approximate pH will D most likely exist as azwitterion?
a.) 3.0
b.) 4.0
c.) 5.0
d.) 6.0
e.) 7.0

5. Cysteine is the only amino acid that can form covalent bondswith other amino acids (i.e. cysteine)
through its side chain.
a.) true
b.) false

6. At pH 2, will the R group of H likely be charged OR uncharged?