BIO200H5 Study Guide - Fall 2018, Comprehensive Midterm Notes -
BIO200H5
MIDTERM EXAM
STUDY GUIDE
Fall 2018
Slide 11
• Do’t have to reeber the defiitios of these ters
• Some genetic variations make some individuals more susceptible to have side effects with
certain drugs than other group of individuals
Slide 12
• Sometimes you want to study the effects of the drug
• Pharmacokinetics
o How will the drug be dealt with in the body system
o Some drugs will be degraded, some will stay longer
o All of these processes which the body exerts on the drug
• Pharmacodynamics
o Action of the drug itself
o Some drugs will activate certain receptors
• We have the drug and the system
• Any chemical you give to a patient, the drug might be non-specific (might be intended or
non-intended targets)
• Even if the drug is very specific to the target, there could be side effects
• The environment will also be affected
Slide 15
• Pathology
o Prognosis of disease
Slide 16
• They were matching drugs with targets
• Modern pharmacology
o Incorporation of many other fields of sciences
Slide 18
• Acetanilide was a by-product
• Produced first synthetic drug
o Did’t have to fid it i ature
• From this experience, they wanted to find more by-products to use
Slide 19
• This is how they made Aspirin
Slide 20
• All of these drugs were used without knowing their targets
Slide 21
• Combining these 2 fields will lead to treating, diagnosing and preventing diseases
• This is how clinical trials arose
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Slide 23
• All drugs can be toxic
o If you do’t take the right dosage
o If you take the wrong drug
Slide 24
• Any chemical compound as a drug will inhibit or activate biological processes
• Agonists
o Activate a biological process
• Antagonists
o Inhibit a biological process
• These can be any of these categories
• What is the difference between poisons and toxins?
o They are both harmful
o If the dose is at the toxicity level, it is a poison or a toxin
o Toxins are harmful compounds produced by living organisms
o Poisons are synthetic
Slide 25
• These targets are working together with drugs
• There should be the existence of the 2 components
• Drug-target complex
o This is when we see the effect
o When drug binds to target
• Each compound has to have the right things
o Drugs have to have the right size
• Determines route of ingestion
o Charge
• Charge of molecule and compound
• Will determine protein interaction
o Shape
• Some proteins have pocket-like structures
• The molecules will complement each other
o Atomic composition
• Drugs also have to be administered
• Has to be distributed and circulated in the body
• The drug eventually has to be eliminated
Slide 26
• Drug target interaction will give an effect
Slide 30
• Valine and lysine are essential amino acids
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Slide 11: do(cid:374)"t have to re(cid:373)e(cid:373)ber the defi(cid:374)itio(cid:374)s of these ter(cid:373)s, some genetic variations make some individuals more susceptible to have side effects with certain drugs than other group of individuals. Slide 16: they were matching drugs with targets, modern pharmacology. Slide 18: acetanilide was a by-product, produced first synthetic drug, did(cid:374)"t have to fi(cid:374)d it i(cid:374) (cid:374)ature, from this experience, they wanted to find more by-products to use. Slide 19: this is how they made aspirin. Slide 20: all of these drugs were used without knowing their targets. Slide 21: combining these 2 fields will lead to treating, diagnosing and preventing diseases, this is how clinical trials arose. Slide 23: all drugs can be toxic. Slide 24: any chemical compound as a drug will inhibit or activate biological processes, agonists, activate a biological process, antagonists. Inhibit a biological process: these can be any of these categories, what is the difference between poisons and toxins, they are both harmful.
