BIO 1140 Study Guide - Final Guide: Endomembrane System, Cell Membrane, Elastin

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sapphiredonkey502

2 May 2015

School

University of Ottawa

Department

Biology

Course

BIO 1140

Professor

Caroline Petit- Turcotte

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Document Summary

A ___________ contains the information as a signal for transport across the membrane, using specific receptors. Describe the four steps of protein targeting & draw a picture. The first step of targeting often is transporting a protein into the _______ of the. ___________ _______________ for future targeting to other locations. This requires a __________ ____________ and a ____________. Three other events involving the protein that can take place inside the lumen of the er: Once the protein has been transported to the golgi, it can be exported to the plasma membrane. The tag for transport from the cytoplasm to nucleus is called a ___________ _______________ is the completion of cell division by dividing the cytoplasm between daughter cells, and is part of the m, or ________ phase. The steps of _____________, which separate mitotic divisions, are the following (list and describe what is happening in each): o o o.

Related Questions

29 Most proteins destined to enter the endoplasmic reticulum _________.

(a) are transported across the membrane after their synthesis is complete.

(b) are synthesized on free ribosomes in the cytosol.

(d) are keep binding to Signal recognition particle (SRP) while they are translated.

30 Which of the following choices reflects the appropriate order of locations through which a protein destined for the plasma membrane travels?

(a) lysosome â endosome â plasma membrane

(b) ER â lysosome â plasma membrane

(d) ER â Golgi â plasma membrane

31 Which of the following statements about vesicle budding from the Golgi is false?

(a) COPII can initiate vesicle budding on Golgi membrane.

(b) Some vesicles budded from Golgi membranes move towards ER.

(d) Clathrin molecules act at the cytosolic surface of the Golgi membrane.

32 Which of the following statements is false?

(a) The signal sequences on mitochondrial proteins are first bound to translocator on outer membrane after translation.

(b) Most mitochondrial proteins are not imported from the cytosol but are synthesized inside the mitochondria.

(c) Chaperone proteins in the mitochondria facilitate the movement of proteins across the outer and inner mitochondrial membranes.

(d) Mitochondrial proteins cross the membrane in their unfolded state.

orangeplatypus673

1. What biochemical feature of a phospholipid molecule allows phospholipids to spontaneously form closed compartments when placed in an aqueous solution?

a) they are amphipathic

b) they are charged

c) they are spherical

d) they have a single fatty acid tail

2. Other than phospholipids, what molecule do cells use to alter the fluidity of biological membranes?

3. What distinguishes active transport from passive transport?

a) active transport can utilize channel proteins

b) passive transport does not utilize carrier/transporter proteins

c) active transport requires the input of energy

d) active transport only occurs at the plasma membrane

4. In the case of active transport, the Na+/K+ pump undergoes a sequence of conformational changes that allows the movement of Na+ and K+ across a membrane against their electrochemical gradients, while in the case of ER protein import SRP undergoes a sequence of conformational changes to allow the signal sequence to interact with the translocation pore. What drives these conformational changes?

a) hydrolysis of a high energy phosphate bond

b) binding of a solute or protein

c) both

d) neither

5. Is protein import into the ER co-transcriptional, or co-translational?

burgundyhyena124

Some cells in plant and animals are specialized for the production and release of a particular chemical, often a protein or some other regulatory molecule. These cells generally produce and release their product only when the proper signal is present. Describe the series of events in this cell that would lead from the perception of this signal to the release of the desired product. Begin by providing specific information on: 1) the transduction of the signal across the membrane by the G protein system with subsequent release of the appropriate second messenger(s); 2) the process by which the signal is amplified by the MAP kinase pathway; 3) how the product(s) produced by the MAP kinase cascade reach the nucleus to initiate the transcription of the relevant gene(s).

Assume now that transcription has already occurred, that a mature mRNA has been produced in the nucleus and has migrated to the cytosol, and that this mRNA has been recruited by a ribosome to initiate translation. Since the protein product is secretory, synthesis of the protein will be associated with the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Continue by providing information on 4) how the free ribosome becomes associated with the endoplasmic reticulum to allow for the release of the synthesized protein into the rough ER; 5) the modification or processing of the protein that occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum; 6) the packaging and/or modification of the protein for transport from the ER to the Golgi apparatus; 7) the modification, processing, and packaging of the protein in the Golgi apparatus; and 8) the steps leading to the eventual release of the target protein from the cell via exocytosis.

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BIO 1140 Study Guide - Final Guide: Endomembrane System, Cell Membrane, Elastin

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