BIO 1140 Midterm: Bio Midterm 1.docx
20 Apr 2015
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Document Summary
Discovered by hooke (1670) via dead cork cells. Invention of the microscope lead to the discipline of biology. Basic structural and functional unit of living organisms. Cells arrive from division of previous cells. Shared components: cell wall, carry dna, divide, use the same basic chemistry, need to produce and use some form of energy. Cells are small because: easy replacement of cells, allows for fine movement, small distance for metabolic transport, creates an optimally large surface to volume ratio. Site to conserve a cell"s genetic information. Nutrients, steroids, hormones and enzymes allowed to enter the nucleus (translation factors) Nucleolus are small portion of the nucleus that produce ribosomes to be released to the cytosol. Made into two subunits (big / small) Acts as a projection away from nuclear envelope. Receive proteins as its being translated within the ribosomes. Synthesize lipids for the cell to use. Near the er and is the next step in protein translation.
