BIOC 2580 Study Guide - Fischer Projection, Reducing Sugar, Glycosidic Bond

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magentamuskrat450

29 Nov 2011

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Energy metabolism: essential components of nucleic acids (dna and rna) Structure: combine 2 organic chemical functional groups: Aldehyde: bonded to 1 other carbon and 1 hydrogen. Therefore sugars are polyhydroxy aldehydes or polyhydroxy ketones: ketoses: ketone sugars, aldoses: aldose sugars aldehyde. Poorly soluble in organic solvents (ether, hexane: hydrophilic, polar, colourless, standard formula: (ch2o)n. 3 c atoms: 1 carbonyl group, 2 cs bearing hydroxyl groups: hexoses are the most common monosaccharides in nature. Asymmetry or handedness: needs to have 4 different constituents (cannot superimpose) Enantiomers: mirror images (left handed or right handed, have identical chemical properties, have different optical activity. Plane of polarization when polarized light is passed through each is bent in different directions. Stereoisomers that differ in handedness at some c atoms but not others: do not have identical chemical properties. 2n n = number of chiral centres: e. g.

Related Questions

which of the following statements about monosaccharide structure is true?

A) Aldoses and ketones differ in the position of their hydroxyl groups.

B) Monosaccharides can be classified according to the spatial arrangement of their atoms.

C) All monosaccharides contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen atoms.

D) A six-carbon sugar is called a pentose.

goldcat470

Unit 2 Organic Chemistry

Organic compounds vs. Inorganic compounds

What makes a compound organic? Inorganic?

Functional groups (phosphate groups, amino groups, carboxyl groups)

Know the structure of each of these groups, and which organic compounds they are found in. You can draw them for your own use.

Hydrolysis

What is it? What is it used for?

Dehydration synthesis

What is it? What is it used for?

Carbohydrates (Monosaccharides, Disaccharides, Polysaccharides and examples)

Know the process of joining two monosaccharides together to create a disaccharide.

Be able to give examples of several monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides.

Monosaccharide examples (3)	Disaccharide examples (2)	Complex carbohydrates (3)

Lipids (Saturated vs. Unsaturated; Phospholipids, Steroids)

Define a saturated fatty acid.

Define an unsaturated fatty acid. Draw if it helps.

What process is used to put the fatty acid chain on a glycerol molecule?

Hydrophilic vs. hydrophobic

Define hydrophilic.

What part of the phospholipid is hydrophilic?

Define hydrophobic.

What part of the phospholipid is hydrophobic?

Proteins, types and functions

What is a protein composed of, and what does it do?

Amino acids

Name the three parts of the amino acid that come off the common Carbon.

Identify each of the three parts. (Amino Acid ID game)

Peptide Bonds

How are they formed?

What two parts of each amino acid do they join together?

Enzymes - define.

Levels of Protein structure

Complete the chart below.

Protein structure level	definition
Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
Quarternary

Protein Denaturation

What is it and how does it happen?

Define what a Solute is.

Define what a solvent is

Nucleic acids (DNA, RNA, ATP)

Nucleotide

Name its three parts and be able to identify each of them on a diagram. (Nucleotide ID game)

What are the two possible sugars used in a nucleotide?

Complete the Table below.

	DNA	RNA	ATP
What sugar does it have?
What nitrogen bases does it have?
Provide the pairings of the nitrogen bases of each nucleic acid			N/A
What is its structure?

BIOC 2580 Study Guide - Fischer Projection, Reducing Sugar, Glycosidic Bond

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