BIOL 205 Study Guide - Final Guide: Dihybrid Cross, Asexual Reproduction, Tonicity

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orchidcrab540

21 Dec 2016

School

University of Calgary

Department

Biology

Course

BIOL 205

Professor

Peter Neuhaus

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Document Summary

Fluid mosaic: a bi-layer of phospholipids (fluid) with embedded and attached proteins (mosaic) Proteins function as: cell recognition, transport, signal transduction, to maintain cell shape, enzymes, attach cells. True equilibrium will only be reached in death: water can diffuse but at a slower rate because it is polar. Osmosis: the diffusion of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane: tonicity: the ability of a surrounding solution to cause a cell to gain or lose water. Isotonic: the solute concentration of the cell and the environment is equal. Hypotonic: the solute concentration in the environment is lower than the cell. Hypertonic: the solute concentration in the environment is higher than the cell. Causes plant and animal cells to shrivel/plasmolyse: osmoregulation: the control of water balance (used in freshwater fish) Active: the movement of a solute against the concentration gradient with the use of energy ie. sodium potassium pump. Exocytosis: the process of exporting large molecules out of the cell.

Related Questions

3. In an aqueous environment, the phospholipids of a membrane____.

a) are arranged in a single layer

b) are arranged in a bilayer with the polar heads of each layerlocated at the surface

c) are arranged in a bilayer with the fatty acid tails locatedat the surface

d) are arranged in a bilayer but the phospholipids have nospecific orientation

e) dissolve

4. which of the following molecules demonstrate dual solubilitycharacteristics

a) sterols only

b) proteins only

c) phospholipids only

d) sterols and phospholipids

e) sterols, phospholipids, and proteins

5. The "mosaic" part of the fluid mosaic model refers to themembrane ____.

a) proteins

b) phospholipids

c) cholesterol

d) functions

e) layers

9. Transport of a molecule across a cell membrane by facilitateddiffusion ____.

a) does not exhibit specificity for a particular type ofmolecule

b) requires the input of energy

c) depends on a concentration gradient

d) goes against the concentration gradient

e) allows non-polar uncharged molecules to diffuse across amembrane

13. A transport system in which transport of an ion in onedirection provides the energy for active transport in the oppositedirection is known as ____.

a) primary active transport

b) active diffusion

c) secondary active transport

d) cotransport

e) osmosis

14. Cells undergo exocytosis ____.

a) to pump protons down a concentration gradient

b) when replicating

c) to secrete protein and wastes from the cell

d) to ingest nutrients

e) as a means of cellular protection

15. What is the molecular basis of familialhypercholestremia?

a) HDL enters cells using a specific receptor on the cellsurface

b) LDL enters cells using a specific receptor on the cellsurface

c) HDL exits cells using a specific receptor on the cellsurface

d) LDL exits cells using a specific receptor on the cellsurface

e) receptor-mediated exocytosis

16. Carrier molecules are utilized for ____.

a) active transport only

b) passive transport only

c) both active and passive transport

d) osmosis

e) transport of all types of molecules

17. All of the following are functions of integral membraneproteins EXCEPT ____.

a) transport of polar molecules

b) reception of chemical signals form other cells

c) cell division

d) recognition of other cells as being "like"

e) cell-cell binding

olivecod348

I have this questions for my homework i need help with them look please it is important i need help so please give me the correct answers for each question and also please be clear to understand and aslo be correct it is very important becuase i need them so i really need the right answers. please help me and on Questions 6 and 9 please help me with it hope you can help me with the correct answers please

Question 5

At a constant temperature, if you increase the number of unsaturated fatty acid chains in the phospholipid, the membrane will become......

less fluid

more fluid

fluidity will be unchanged

Question 6

Bacteria in a hot spring at 80 degrees celsius would be expected to have ______________ in their cell membrane

high proportions of saturated phospholipids

high proportions of unsaturated phospholipids

an equal ratio of saturated to unsaturated phospholipid

Question 7

Membrane proteins have an important role in membrane fluidity

True

False

Question 8

The HIV virus can't attach to cells that have a mutation in the CCR5 gene and so such individuals are resistant to HIV. What population of people have a higher incidence of the mutant CCR5 gene and why?

europeans because their ancestors survived the bubonic plague

North Americans because their ancestors survived small pox

europeans because they have a longer evolutionary past with HIV

Africans because they have a longer evolutionary past with HIV

Question 9

Nematode trapping fungi have ______________ molecules called ______________ that recognize specific carbohydrates on the surface of the nematode worms. This is how a fungus can recognize that its prey, the nematode worm, has wriggled into the loop. Write two words on lowercase separated by a space with no other syntax

Question 10

Diffusion requires energy

True

False

Question 11

The net direction of molecule movement when molecules diffuse is

down their concentration gradient

random directions

Question 12

In osmosis, water molecules from a solution of higher solute concentration cross a semi-permeable membrane into a solution of lower solute concentration?

True

False

Question 13

Which best defines osmosis?

In osmosis, water from a solution of lower solute concentration move across a semi-permeable membrane into a solution of higher solute concentration?

In osmosis, water from a solution of higher solute concentration move across a semi-permeable membrane into a solution of lower solute concentration?

Question 14

Animal cells placed into a hypotonic solution would most likely?

lyse (burst)

shrink

remain unchanged in size

Question 15

Glucose and amino acids move into cells via carrier proteins, the same protein can move glucose or amino acids

True

False

Question 16

ATP powered pumps move substances into and out of cells by diffusion?

True

False

Question 17

For every 3 Na ions moved out, 2 K ions are moved into a cell by one cycle of the sodium-potassium pump.

True

False

Question 18

Bulk transport of fluid and any of the substances within that fluid is called

pinocytosis

phagocytosis

receptor-mediated endocytosis

exocytosis

Question 5

At a constant temperature, if you increase the number of unsaturated fatty acid chains in the phospholipid, the membrane will become......

less fluid

more fluid

fluidity will be unchanged

Question 6

Bacteria in a hot spring at 80 degrees celsius would be expected to have ______________ in their cell membrane

high proportions of saturated phospholipids

high proportions of unsaturated phospholipids

an equal ratio of saturated to unsaturated phospholipid

Question 7

Membrane proteins have an important role in membrane fluidity

True

False

Question 8

europeans because their ancestors survived the bubonic plague

North Americans because their ancestors survived small pox

europeans because they have a longer evolutionary past with HIV

Africans because they have a longer evolutionary past with HIV

Question 9

Question 10

Diffusion requires energy

True

False

Question 11

The net direction of molecule movement when molecules diffuse is

down their concentration gradient

random directions

Question 12

In osmosis, water molecules from a solution of higher solute concentration cross a semi-permeable membrane into a solution of lower solute concentration?

True

False

Question 13

Which best defines osmosis?

In osmosis, water from a solution of lower solute concentration move across a semi-permeable membrane into a solution of higher solute concentration?

In osmosis, water from a solution of higher solute concentration move across a semi-permeable membrane into a solution of lower solute concentration?

Question 14

Animal cells placed into a hypotonic solution would most likely?

lyse (burst)

shrink

remain unchanged in size

Question 15