NURS215 Study Guide - Final Guide: Dabigatran, Atrioventricular Node, Heart
19 Dec 2017
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Chronotropy heart rate: negative chronotropic effect = decreases heart rate. Ianotropy contractility: negative ianotropic effect decreases contractility. Neural (faster: pons, medulla contain cardiovascular (cv) control, parasympathetic stimulation from vagus nerve = slow heart, sympathetic stimulation from spinal cord = peripheral vascular resistance = fast heart, ans control intrinsic and extrinsic reflexes. Monitor o2, co2, h+ in carotid bodies and aortic bodies. Renin made, released by juxtaglomerular cell of kidneys. Triggered by n. s activity or bp, ecf volume or. Renin activates angiotensinogen from liver to angiotensin i. Endothelial cells convert angiotensin i to angiotensin ii. Aldosterone increases na+ retention: epinephrine directly stimulates hr, contractility. Smooth muscle dilation in blood vessels / bronchi. Direct acting vasodilators emergency: simulate production on endogenous nitrous oxide, iv or inhalation (pulm. , nipride / nitroprusside (crisis, hydralazine (after crisis averted) Diuretics blood volume, urine first line: loop. Metolazone (zaroxolyn: k+ sparing or aldosterone antagonists.
