JOUR 3440 Study Guide - Final Guide: Dicotyledon, Generally Recognized As Safe, Gene Gun
24 Oct 2015
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Polymerase chain reaction: molecular biological technique for amplifying (creating multiple copies of) dna without using a living organism. Activators: bind to promoter dna elements (cis) and activate transcription. Repressors: complex- multiple ways to turn genes off: transformation the method used in the generation of transgenic organisms. Often the introduced gene is put into the genome of an organism: transfection the term often used when the recipient is eukaryotic cell, random integration, gene stacking, chymosin, gras, yfg, agrobacterium versus. Gene may be inactivated due to dna methylation. Gene may lack promoter / enhancer sequences. Integration occurs close to heterochromatin ("silencers") or insulators. more than one trait added an enzyme that occurs in gastric juice; causes milk to coagulate; used for making cheese (coagulates milk) Adv: usually only one insert (copy number), large size of. Dna can be inserted, using nature- very efficient. Disadv: works well on dicots, more difficult with monocots (need embryos).
