BIOL 2020 Study Guide - Midterm Guide: Hydrophobe, Phospholipid, Cholesterol
15 Oct 2015
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Document Summary
Carbohydrates: also known as glycans, include simple sugars (monosaccharides) and all larger molecules constructed of sugar building blocks, function primarily as stores of chemical energy, work as building materials for biological construction, structure of simple sugars. A polymer of sugars joined together by glycosidic bonds: glycogen; branched polymer containing only one type of monomer; glucose, serves as a storehouse for surplus chemical energy, starch: where plants bank their surplus energy, a polymer of glucose. Lipids: nonpolar molecules, ability to dissolve in organic solvents, unable to dissolve in water, fats, steroids, phospholipids, fats. Fatty acids; long, unbranched hydrocarbon chains with a singly carboxyl group at one end: hydrocarbon chain is hydrophobic, carboxyl group is hydrophilic, bears a negative charge, amphipathic, fatty acids differ from one another in the lengths of their hydrocarbon chains and the presence or absence of double bonds, saturated; lack double bonds, unsaturated; possess double bonds.
