sk1818225

sk1818225

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sk1818225Kumaun University

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Business1Algebra1Computer Science4Biology4Physics3Finance1
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I think that I understand,but still seem stuck on these questionsfrom my exam.

1. In the garden pea, orange pods (orp) are recessive to green pods(orp +), and sensitivity to pea mosaic virus (mo) is recessive toresistance to the virus (mo +). A plant with orange pods andsensitivity to the virus was crossed to a true breeding plant withgreen pods and resistance to the virus. The F1 plants were thentest crossed to plants with orange pods and sensitivity to thevirus. The following results were obtained:

160 orange pods, virus sensitive
165 green pods, virus resistant
36 orange pods, virus resistant
39 green pods, virus sensitive
___
400 total

a. Perform a chi-square analysis to determine if these genes areindependently assorting. Remember to clearly state your hypotheses.Tell whether you would reject or accept your null hypothesis.
b. If the genes are not assorting, give a possible logicalexplanation as to why you think that the genes fail toassort.


2. A plant species X with n=5 chromosomes was crossed with arelated species Y with n = 7 chromosomes. The F1 hybrids producedonly a few pollen grains, which were used to fertilize the ovulesof related species Z with n=7 chromosomes. A few plants wereproduced from this cross, and all had 19 chromosomes. The F1hybrids (with 19 chromosomes) were mated with related species Wwith n=11 chromosomes. A few plants were produced from the crossand all had 30 chromosomes. Following self-fertilization of the F1hybrids a few F2 plants were produced, each with 60 chromosomes.These plants were phenotypically different from either of theoriginal species and were highly fertile.

a. Explain by diagram and description the events that producedthese fertile F2 hybrids. You must be specific and very clear aboutwhat is happening
b. Give the karyotype of the gametes produced by the highly fertileF2 plants.
c. Using appropriate genetic terminology, tell what type of plantultimately arises as a result of the above crosses.







3. A phenotypically abnormal individual has a phenotypically normalfather with an inversion on one copy of chromosome 7 and a normalmother without any changes in chromosome structure. The order ofgenes along chromosome 7 in the father is as follows:

R T D M centromere P U X Z C (normal chromosome 7)

R T D U P centromere M X Z C (inverted chromosome 7)

The phenotypically abnormal offspring has a chromosome 7 with thefollowing order of genes:

R T D M centromere P U D T R

With a sketch (complete), explain how the abnormal chromosome wasformed. In your answer, explain where the crossover occurred (i.e.,between which two genes). Also, give any other products that mighthave been formed as a result of the crossover you described. Assumethat crossing over does not occur at the centromere.


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