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Use the following information to answer the next two questions.

 

Beer making is complicated, multi-step process. Beer making depends on the metabolism of sugar by yeast. This process is known as fermentation. When yeast metabolizes sugar molecules, alcohol, carbon dioxide, and other by-products are produced.

1. First, malt barley is ground into small grains. It is then transferred to a mash mixer and mixed with water. At this point, the mixture is called griest.

2. The mash mixer and griest are steam-heated to a temperature of 43C.

3. The greist remains at this temperature to allow enzymes to break down complex protein molecules into simpler nitrogen compounds.

4. The greist is then heated to 63C.

5. At this temperature, enzymes in the griest convert the large, multibranched starch molecules into smaller chains of glucose.

6. After a specific amount of time, the griest is slowly heated to 68C.

7. A different enzyme breaks down the small glucose chains into monosaccharides and disaccharides. The longer the griest remains at this temperature, the more alcohol is produced by the yeast.

8. Finally the temperature is increased to 77C to stop the enzyme action in the griest.

 

2. From the list above, identify which four of the steps involve a kinetic energy change in the griest. In numerical order, the numbers are _____, _____, _____, & _____.

(Record all four digits of your answer in the numerical-response section on the answer sheet.)

 Use the following information to answer the first question. 

 

 

1. The change in potential energy from the reactants to the products is $\mathrm{kJ}$.

A red die is tossed and then a green die is tossed. What is the probability that the red die shows an even number or the green die shows an even number?

Make sure your answer is reduced.

 

 

 

Hint: The two events are not mutually exclusive. So to the find the probability of the union, use: P(A or B)=P(A)+P(B)-P(A and B)