101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Louis De Broglie, Quantum Decoherence

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kshushant07

27 Mar 2023

School

Banaras Hindu University - BHU

Department

Physics

Course

101

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Document Summary

Quantum physics is a branch of physics that studies the behavior of matter and energy at the atomic and subatomic levels. It describes the strange and fascinating properties of the smallest particles in the universe, such as electrons, protons, and photons, which can exist in multiple states simultaneously and interact in ways that defy our classical understanding of physics. The foundation of quantum mechanics is based on the wave-particle duality of matter, which means that particles can exhibit wave-like properties and waves can exhibit particle-like properties. This idea was first introduced by the french physicist louis de broglie in 1924 and was later confirmed experimentally by the famous double-slit experiment. In quantum mechanics, the state of a particle is described by a wave function, which gives the probability of finding the particle in a particular location or state.

Related Questions

For a quantum particle described by a wave function ψ ( x ), the expectation value of a physical quantity f ( x ) associated with the particle is defined by

For a particle in an infinitely deep one-dimensional box extending from x=0 to x=L, Show that

bronzezebra978

True or False

(I) Is each one of the following statements true or false for aphoton?

(a) It is a quantum particle, behaving in some experiments like aclassical particle and in some experiments like a classicalwave.TrueYour answer is correct.

(b) Its rest energy is zero. FalseYour answer is incorrect.

(c) Its rest energy is nonzero. TrueYour answer is incorrect.

(d) It carries energy in its motion. 4

(e) It carries momentum in its motion. 5

(f) Its motion is described by a wave function that has awavelength and satisfies a wave equation. 6

(g) For one-dimensional motion, the wave equation is asfollows:
(partial^2 E)/(partial x^2) = mu_0 epsilon_0 (partial^2 E)/(partialt^2)
where the wave function E is the electric field magnitude, with asimilar equation for B = E/c. 7

(h) For one-dimensional motion, the wave equation is asfollows:
-hbar^2/(2m)(d^2 Psi)/(dx^2) + U Psi = E Psi
where E is the constant energy. 8

(i) The intensity of the wave is proportional to the square of itswave function. 9

(j) The intensity of the wave is measured from the rate at whichthe quantum particles bombard a detector. 10

(II) Is each one of the statements true or false for anelectron?

(a) It is a quantum particle, behaving in some experiments like aclassical particle and in some experiments like a classical wave.11

(b) Its rest energy is zero. 12

(c) Its rest energy is nonzero. 13

(d) It carries energy in its motion. 14

(e) It carries momentum in its motion. 15

(f) Its motion is described by a wave function that has awavelength and satisfies a wave equation. 16

(g) For one-dimensional motion, the wave equation is asfollows:
(partial^2 E)/(partial x^2) = mu_0 epsilon_0 (partial^2 E)/(partialt^2)
where the wave function E is the electric field magnitude, with asimilar equation for B = E/c. 17

(h) For one-dimensional motion, the wave equation is asfollows:
-hbar^2/(2m)(d^2 Psi)/(dx^2) + U Psi = E Psi
where E is the constant energy. 18

(i) The intensity of the wave is proportional to the square of itswave function. 19

(j) The intensity of the wave is measured from the rate at whichthe quantum particles bombard a detector.

101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Louis De Broglie, Quantum Decoherence

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