BIOL 3225 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Oxidative Deamination, Oxidative Phosphorylation, Transamination

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24 Oct 2021

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Glycolysis: cells will break down one glucose molecule forming 2 individual 3 carbon pyruvate molecules. As we break down this molecule of glucose there is a change in free energy such that it can be harnessed to shove an adp and an inorganic phosphate together to form a molecule of atp. So there ends up being a high enough energy phosphate group that can be moved over to adp. Utilizes lots of enzymes-- meaning opportunities for regulation. Process of glycolysis doesn"t require oxygen you can do it using anaerobic circulation. Is there o2 around- proceed to pyruvate oxidation and then eventually kreb cycle components of cellular oxidation all the way to oxidative phosphorylation. No oxygen- will proceed to the fermentation pathways. Pyruvate molecules will be used to regenerate the oxidized forms of co enzymes needed for the process of glycolysis.

Related Questions

1. Explain HOW ATP functions as asource of cellular energy for biochemical reactions and activetransport. Detailed answer required.

2. What is the function of NAD+ andFAD in glycolysis, CAC, and ETC for ATP synthesis? Of the C, H, andO atoms of the glucose molecule, which is/are most important forATP synthesis. Explain

3. Define substrate levelphosphorylation (SLP). Why are HETCs important for ATP synthesis?What is the amount of kinetic energy required to produce onemolecule of ATP by SLP?

4. In glycolysis, why must multipleenzymatic steps occur to convert glucose to two pyruvic acidmolecules? What are high energy transfer compounds? Explain indetail why two molecules of ATP must be consumed in stage 1 ofglycolysis. What is the purpose of the atomic rearrangements inglycolysis? In stage 1 of glycolysis, what is the significance ofthe rearrangement of glucose-6-phosphate tofructose-6-phosphate?

5. What is the importance of the citric acidcycle? Why must CoA be used in this pathway?

6. Define cellular respiration(CR). What are the significant features of cellularrespiration?

Is oxygen the only terminal electron acceptor (TEA) for CR inprokaryotic cells? Explain

7. Explain the functions of theETC. What role does H+ translocation and the TEA play in

the function of the ETC? Why is the proton motive forceessential for oxidative

phosphorylation?

8. Define the proton motive force(PMF). Explain HOW the PMF provides energy for

rotary catalysis of the ATP synthase used for oxidativephosphorylation.

pinkmole355

Assuming all NADH is transferred to the mitochondria via the glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle, what is the net cost in terms of ATP when 3 molecules of glucose are directed to the pentose phosphate pathway at the level of glucose-6-phosphate rather than continuing through glycolysis? NOTE: feed the appropriate products of the oxidative and non-oxidative branch of the pentose phosphate pathway back into glycolysis at the appropriate time so that 3 glucose molecules through the pentose phosphate pathway generate 5 molecules of pyruvate, while the 3 glucose molecules from glycolysis generate 6 moleules of pyruvate. Show all work.

QUESTION 1

Which of the following is the correct order of the three stages of cellular respiration?

	a.	Krebs cycle, glycolysis, electron transport
	b.	electron transport, glycolysis, Krebs cycle
	c.	Krebs cycle, electron transport, glycolysis
	d.	glycolysis, Krebs cycle, electron transport
	e.	electron transport, Krebs cycle, glycolysis

1 points

QUESTION 2

Consider a bacterial cell that performs anaerobic respiration. If that bacterial cell had access to six molecules of glucose to use, how many ATP molecules would it be able to produce?

	a.	2
	b.	34
	c.	36
	d.	6
	e.	12

1 points

QUESTION 3

The oxygen that organisms need to live is used exclusively in which of the following metabolic pathways?

	a.	Electron transport chain
	b.	Anaerobic respiration
	c.	Glycolysis
	d.	Krebs cycle
	e.	ATP-Synthase

1 points

QUESTION 4

The electron transport chain uses the energy in NADH and FADH₂ to pump H⁺ ions from the matrix to the innermembrane space. The H⁺ gradient is then used to power ATP-Synthase. Enough H⁺ is pumped from the energy in a molecule of NADH to produce ______ ATP molecules, while enough H⁺ is pumped from the energy in a FADH₂ molecule to produce ______ ATP molecules.

	a.	three; two
	b.	three; three
	c.	two; two
	d.	two; three

1 points

QUESTION 5

Which of the following list contains only products of cellular respiration?

	a.	glucose, oxygen, ADP
	b.	ATP, carbon dioxide
	c.	oxygen, ADP, carbon dioxide
	d.	ATP, glucose, oxygen
	e.	glucose, ATP

1 points

QUESTION 6

What powers the enzyme ATP-Synthase?

	a.	NADH molecules
	b.	oxygen (O₂)
	c.	ATP
	d.	NADH and FADH₂ molecules
	e.	The H⁺ gradient between the matrix and inner-membrane space

1 points

QUESTION 7

Organisms exist which are able to survive using only glycolysis (i.e. without using oxidative phosphorylation).

True

False

1 points

QUESTION 8

Each ADP molecule contains ________ phosphates, and each ATP molecule contains ________ phosphates.

	a.	three; three
	b.	two; two
	c.	one; two
	d.	two; three
	e.	one; three

1 points

QUESTION 9

Adding a phosphate group to ADP to form ATP is an endergonic reaction.

True

False

1 points

QUESTION 10

The majority of ATP produced during cellular respiration is produced during glycolysis.

True

False

1 points

QUESTION 11

Glycolysis occurs:

	a.	on enzymes located in the inner-membrane.
	b.	in the cytosol.
	c.	in the inner-membrane space.
	d.	in the nucleus of the cell.
	e.	in the matrix of mitochondria.

1 points

QUESTION 12

Muscle soreness associated with strenuous exercise is due to:

	a.	the production of alcohol during anaerobic respiration.
	b.	a buildup of lactic acid.
	c.	an excessive amount of ATP that builds up during exercise.
	d.	the large amounts of CO₂ building up in the muscle.

1 points

QUESTION 13

A required reactant for glycolysis is:

	a.	the electron transport chain.
	b.	carbon dioxide.
	c.	oxygen.
	d.	NAD+.
	e.	mitochondria.

1 points

QUESTION 14

NADH is produced in all of the following except:

	a.	the electron transport chain.
	b.	the Krebs cycle.
	c.	glycolysis.

BIOL 3225 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Oxidative Deamination, Oxidative Phosphorylation, Transamination

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