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Physical Geography
Queen's University
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R. Danby

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Class Notes

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GPHY 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Jasper National Park, Mac Cory, Systems Theory

Gphy102 lecture 2: scales, spheres, systems and cycles. Introducing geography: as a discipline, it bridges the natural and social sciences, distinguish

GPHY 102 Lecture 2: Spheres and Systems

GPHY 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Spheroid, Great Circle, Circle Of A Sphere

Gphy102 lecture 3: the earth as a rotating planet. The shape of the earth: earth is an oblate ellipsoid, not a perfect sphere; bulges slightly at the e

GPHY 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Shortwave Radiation, Shortwave Radio, Acronym

GPHY 102 Lecture 4: The Earth as a Rotating Planet Cont. AND The Global Energy System

Gphy102 lecture 4: earth as a rotating planet cont. Global time: earth rotates on axis once every 24 hours, time based on relationships between the sun

GPHY 102 Lecture 5: The Global Energy System Cont. AND Air Temp

Gphy102 lecture 5: the global energy system cont. Insolation is an acronym for incoming solar radiation: measured in units of watts per square meter. F

GPHY 102 Lecture 6: Air Temperature Cont. AND Winds & Global Circulation

Temperature structure of the atmosphere: atmosphere divided into different layers based on temperature. Heterosphere: above 100 km, gas molecules becom

GPHY 102 Lecture 7: Winds and Global Circulation

Test january 30th (lectures and readings, no lab material) mc, true false. Objectives: describe measurement and variation of atmospheric pressure, expl

GPHY 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Trade Winds, Atmospheric Circulation, Outback

Gphy102 lecture 8: how the earth changed history. Material on test: we tend to think of wind as chaotic, weather systems including winds follow the sam

GPHY 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Water Cycle, List Of Cloud Types, Atmospheric Circulation

Gphy102 lecture 9: how the earth changed history. Spin of artic gives hurricanes their distinctive shape: wind drawn inwards into a vicious cycle, atmo

GPHY 102 Lecture 10: Atmospheric Moisture and Precipitation Cont. & Weather Systems

Up to today"s reading (chap 7; weather systems) Vertically developed clouds (transcend layers of troposphere, low to middle to high) "particles of liqu

GPHY 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Mauna Loa Observatory, Tropospheric Ozone, Longwave

Recall: global energy system: countertradition and the greenhouse effect keeps average earth surface temperature above 0, amount depends on amount of w

GPHY 102 Lecture 13: GPHY 102 Lecture 12: GPHY 102 Lecture 12: Regional and Global Climates

The dog is the weather (wondering up and down)) and the owner is the climate (steady, increasing linear trend, co2) Factors affecting annual cycle of a

GPHY 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Outer Core, The Crust, Geologic Map

Gphy102 lecture 14: earth materials and the rock cycle. Earth"s components: earth is stratified into layers, mantle (peach) 2900 km in radius and thick

GPHY 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Lithosphere, Tectonic Uplift, The Crust

The crust: continental crust, lower, denser zone of mafic rock, upper, less dense zone of felsic rock, mafic: rock rich in magnesium and iron. Fesic: r

GPHY 102 Lecture 16: Volcanic and Tectnoic Landforms

Initial or primary: directly produced by volcanic and tectonic activity, sequential or secondary. Shaped by processes of, and agents of denudation: vec

GPHY 102 Lecture 17: Rock Structures, Weathering and Mass Wasting

Type of debris is determined by rock type and structure of these joints. Frost wedging: freeze-thaw action of water: water expands ~10% when frozen, ex

GPHY 102 Lecture 22: Hydrological Cycling

GPHY 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 24: Sediment Transport, Regolith, Alluvium

GPHY 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 25: Oxbow Lake, Suspended Load, Dissolved Load

Stream erosion: progressive removal of mineral material from the floor and sides of the channel, whether bedrock or regolith. Stream transportation: mo

GPHY 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 26: Aeolian Processes, Coastal Erosion, Geomorphology

In other words, in arid and semi-arid regions and along coastal beaches: little or less precipitation and where sediments are loose and exposed to prom

GPHY 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 27: Moraine, Regolith, Deglaciation

Gphy 102 lecture 27: glaciers and glacial processes. From when snowfall exceeds melt over successive years (accumulation exceeds ablation) Snow compact

GPHY 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 28: Laurentide Ice Sheet, Cordilleran Ice Sheet, Cenozoic

Gphy102 lecture 28: glacier and glacial processes cont. The late cenozoic ice age: during the wisconsin glaciation (12,000 to 110,000 years ago) most o