BIO 230 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Adenine, Apoptosis, Dna Clamp
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10 Apr 2018
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Chapter 7 dna: structure and replication10/20/2016 4:29:00 pm. Dna: the genetic material: before watson and crick solved the structure of dna, other scientists had discovered that dna was the genetic material. What we already covered: genes are hereditary factors, one gene one enzyme hypothesis beetle & tatum, genes located on chromosomes dna, chromosomes consist of dna and proteins. Nitrogen base one of four bases memorize structures: purine (ag) pyrimidine (ct, 1. Thymine, t: pyrimidine = purines, t+c = g+a, a+g ~ 1, t+c , the double helix, anti-parallel, bases 0. 34 nm apart (one turn is 3. 4 nm. One turn has 10 bases: 10 bases per turn. Dna stability: a = t, g = c, dna with higher gc content is more stable, higher gc content requires increased temperature for denaturation. How does dna replicate: meselson-stahl experiment, synthesize dna with heavy n15, change dna synthesis to light n14.
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QUESTION 1. Compared to eukaryotic genomes, only prokaryotic genomes:
A. contain DNA organized by histones. |
B. contain usually one, circular chromosome. |
C. contain plasmid DNA. |
D. have chromosomes contained in a nucleus. |
QUESTION 2. Azathioprine is a drug that may be prescribed to transplant recipients to reduce the chance of tissue rejection reactions. In its active state, it acts as a purine analogue, inhibiting DNA biosynthesis. This means that 6-mercaptopurine will be inserted in place of a purine containing nucleotides during DNA replication. Given this drug's mode of action, you would expect it to be incorporated into DNA in place of:
A. nucleotides containing guanine or cytosine. |
B. nucleotides containing adenine or thymine. |
C nucleotides containing adenine or guanine. |
D. nucleotides containing guanine nucleotide or uracil. |
QUESTION 3. RNA is distinguished from DNA because only RNA:
A. typically exists as a single-stranded molecule. |
B. has a 3' to 5' directionality. |
C. is composed of nucleotides that contain the sugar deoxyribose. |
D. is composed of nucleotides that contain the nitrogen bases T, C, G, and A. |
QUESTION 4. How are RNA nucleotides different from DNA nucleotides? To be marked correct, you'll need to select all true statements, as there may be more than one correct answer.
A. RNA nucleotides do not contain thymine. |
B. RNA nucleotides use the sugar ribose, while DNA nucleotides do not. |
C. RNA nucleotides lack phosphate. |
D. RNA nucleotides incorporate pyrimidine nitrogen bases, while DNA nucleotides only incorporate purine nitrogen bases. |