PSY 150 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Rorschach Test, Thematic Apperception Test, Gordon Allport
Document Summary
What is personality: definition: individual characteristics; style for behaving, thinking, and feeling; develops naturally through life, no one has the same personality as anyone else. Traits and biology/behavioral genetics: twin studies, monozygotic (identical) vs. dizygotic (fraternal) twin pairs, monozygotic = more personality similarities than dizygotic, 50% of traits are biological (inherited, 50% of traits are environmental/experience-based. Id contains our impulsive drive for food, sex, aggression, desires, needs, and wants: ego our practical self, the reality principle, superego reflects the internalization of cultural rules, internal standards, and morality. Interaction of id, ego, and superego = shapes personality. If overfed: oral aggressive (aggressive, dominating: anal stage (2-3 years old, pleasure and frustrations associated with the anus and retention/expulsion of feces and urine, big obstacle: toilet training, consequences of fixation: toilet training. If too harsh: anal retentive (tidiness, obsessiveness, mean, stubborn) Humanistic psychology abraham maslow: personality is a human choice, emphasis on positive, optimistic view of human nature.
