PSYCH 202 Lecture 13: Introduction to Psychopathological Conditions of Adulthood and their Treatment II
Personality Disorders
Personality disorders all involve:
“an enduring pattern of inner experience and behavior” that has 5 characteristics:
• deviates markedly from the expectations of the individual’s
culture,
• is pervasive and inflexible,
• has an onset in adolescence or early adulthood
• is stable over time,
• and leads to either significant personal distress or impairment
in social-occupational role functioning.”
Distinguishing schizophrenia from the “odd/eccentric” personality disorders:
Bottom line: There are no psychotic symptoms ever (delusions, hallucinations, or
profound disturbances of speech and thinking) in personality disorders!
DSM Diagnostic Criteria for Schizotypal Personality Disorder
Compare the following video to Ms. Wilcox, below, and pay special attention to
the distinction between:
Ideas of Reference vs. Delusions of Reference
The person in this case isn’t named, so we’ll just use her words:
“I’ve been feeling very spacy lately” And…“Strangers cross streets to avoid me”
Holds an element of reality testing.
A. A pervasive pattern of social and interpersonal deficits marked by acute
discomfort with, and reduced capacity for, close relationships as well as by
cognitive or perceptual distortions and eccentricities of behavior, beginning by
early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts, as indicated by five (or
more) of the following:
(1) ideas of reference (excluding delusions of reference- thinks outside of them
have a significance to them) (2) odd beliefs or magical thinking that
influences behavior and is inconsistent with subcultural norms (e.g.,
superstitiousness, belief in clairvoyance, telepathy, or "sixth sense"; in
children and adolescents, bizarre fantasies or preoccupations) (3) unusual
perceptual experiences, including bodily illusions (4) odd thinking and
speech (e.g., vague, circumstantial, metaphorical, overelaborate, or
stereotyped) (5) suspiciousness or paranoid ideation (6) inappropriate or
constricted affect (7) behavior or appearance that is odd, eccentric, or
peculiar (8) lack of close friends or confidants other than first-degree
relatives (9) excessive social anxiety that does not diminish with familiarity
and tends to be associated with paranoid fears rather than negative judgments
about self
B. Does not occur exclusively during the course of Schizophrenia, a Mood
Disorder with Psychotic Features, another Psychotic Disorder, or a Pervasive
Developmental Disorder. Note: If criteria are met prior to the onset of
Schizophrenia, add "Premorbid," e.g., "Schizotypal Personality Disorder
(Premorbid)."
The Schizophrenias: A heterogeneous grouping characterized by disturbances in
Perception, Thought, Mood, and Behavior
Range of disorders which are loosely grouped together. ¼ recover
Positive symptoms are delusions and hallucinations. Negative symptoms are flat/blunted affect (emotional reaction
is absent, lack of), social withdrawal, lack of motivation… more. Level of functioning must be impacted for period
of time. One occasion of symptoms does not meet diagnostic criteria. At least a month of top 5
Jerry:
Messing w/ hair, feels judged, feels like he’s going to be killed, doesn’t get excited, scared of people, wants to get
off of cigs. Incoherent., disorganized speech. Disorganized subtype
Ms. Wilcox:
Stabbed self b/c everyone was laughing at her, death of mother blames self? very stressed from family, trying to get
to her. They. Stopped medicine. Symptoms started with mother’s death. Afraid to go home, phone is bugged, they
just won’t leave her alone. Convinced that “they” are trying to get to me. Series of events are all linked to “them”
trying to get to her. Tornado was planned by them to ruin sister’s house. Paranoid delusions. Grossly disorganized.
Background of hallucinations? Paranoid schizophrenia subtype
David:
Deeply suspicious, delusions, believes transmitter embedded somewhere in leg, being watched by gov, claims he’s
Document Summary
Bottom line: there are no psychotic symptoms ever (delusions, hallucinations, or profound disturbances of speech and thinking) in personality disorders! Compare the following video to ms. wilcox, below, and pay special attention to the distinction between: The person in this case isn"t named, so we"ll just use her words: I"ve been feeling very spacy lately and strangers cross streets to avoid me . Disorder with psychotic features, another psychotic disorder, or a pervasive. Note: if criteria are met prior to the onset of. Schizophrenia, add "premorbid," e. g. , "schizotypal personality disorder (premorbid). " The schizophrenias: a heterogeneous grouping characterized by disturbances in. Range of disorders which are loosely grouped together. Negative symptoms are flat/blunted affect (emotional reaction is absent, lack of), social withdrawal, lack of motivation more. Level of functioning must be impacted for period of time. One occasion of symptoms does not meet diagnostic criteria.
