NUTR SCI 332 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Calorimeter, Adipose Tissue, Pancreatic Lipase Family
Systemic energy balance, body weight, and body
composition
Obesity
• Too much adipose tissue in body
• Cells flooded with excess nutrients, no choice but to make fat out of it
• Root cause: energy imbalance (metabolism)
• Even individuals with similar lifestyles (intake, activity, etc.) can have
very different body weights/compositions due to metabolism
Energy Balance
• Energy in=energy out
o Chronic shift in balance causes weight changes
o Energy in – energy out > 0 → positive energy balance (gain)
o Energy out – energy in < 0 → negative energy balance (lose)
• Excess energy is mainly stored as fat
o To meet energy needs between meals
o 1 pound of fat = about 3500 kcals
Energy in: caloric content of foods
• Diet easue of food’s eegy alue: o aloiete ho uh
energy is needed to raise 1g of water by 1°C?)
• Energy-yielding nutrient with the smallest diffeee etee its goss
eegy ad its etaolized eegy: alcohol does’t euie digestio
or absorption), fat/lipids would be second, proteins have largest
difference
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