BIO 325 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Mendelian Inheritance, Pisum, Phenotype
Document Summary
What is genetics: study of inheritance , how are traits passed on from one generation to the next, study of biological information , genes regions of dna that encode proteins or (rnas) How are traits inherited: as discrete and physical units we now call genes, which mendel proposed without knowing about dna or seeing chromosomes. How is information stored: biological information is encoded in dna, linear polymer composed of 4 subunits, double stranded, coding (genes) and non-coding regions, the dna in the entire collection of chromosomes for an organism is called a genome. How does the biological information relate to developmental complexity : size of genome doesn"t matter, number of genes matter, but not always. What is the relationship between genotype and phenotype: dna is just a blueprint determines genotype, phenotype arises from the gene products, proteins, rna, which genes are expressed where, when and to what levels determine phenotype.
