BIOLOGY 151 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Glutamine, Glutamic Acid, Fenugreek
21 Dec 2015
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In eukaryotes you have loosening of the chromatin then transcription initiation. Activators (protein) binds enhancers an activator is a transcription factor. Enhancers can bend the dna and stabilize the polymerase complex. They can be distant from the promoter: 1000"s of base pairs. They work together sometimes more are better of course you can have activators and repressors as well. Main functions that proteins participate in: catalysis enzymes, defense, work in transport, structure, motion. Quaternary: the fused subunits, or the overall structure. What are proteins? carboxyl cooh: proteins are polymers of amino acids. For many proteins this is all the information necessary to fold correctly. They will fold as they come out of the ribosome. But scientists can not, as of yet, know structures solely from this information. We can compare it to other proteins and make an imperfect predictions: all the other levels of structure are determined by the amino acid backbone.
