BIO 167 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Appendicular Skeleton, Intramembranous Ossification, Axial Skeleton
26 Apr 2021
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Document Summary
Cartilage: basic structure, types, and locations: water lends resiliency, contains no blood vessels or nerves, surrounded by perichondrium, dense connective tissue girdle, contains blood vessels for nutrient delivery, resists outward expansion. Cartilage-forming cells of perichondrium secrete new matrix against external face of existing cartilage. This adds a new layer of cartilage on top of pre-existing tissue. Chondrocytes divide and secrete new matrix, expanding cartilage from. Framework for body and cradles soft organs. For brain, spinal cord and vital organs. Skeletal muscle use bones as levers to move the body and its parts. Storage of iron in macrophages: from hemoglobin breakdown. Most red bone marrow gradually changes to yellow. Axial skeleton: bones of skull, vertebral column, and rib cage. Appendicular skeleton: bones of upper and lower limbs and girdles. Long bones: longer than they are wide with expanded ends. Sesamoid bones: round or oval; may develop in tendons. Flat bones: thin, flattened, and usually a bit curved.
