PSY-230 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Nitric Oxide, Synapsin, Axon Terminal
Brain and Behavior
●The NA+/K+ Pump
○3 Na+ out for 2 K+ in
●Some Key Terms
○Hyperpolarization will inhibit the cell from reaching
the threshold to then reach the action potential
because it makes the cell more negative
●Steps of Action Potential
●Saltatory Conduction
○Action potential will recharge at the nodes of ranvier
●Neurotransmitter Release
○Action potential that comes to the terminal button →
causes the calcium channels to open, allowing calcium
into the cell → activates the CamKII enzymes → the
enzymes break up the synapsin (purple triangles -keeps
the vesicles from floating down) → the vesicles fall
down then bind to the membrane → once binded, the
vesicle releases neurotransmitters into the synapse
●Synaptic Transmission
○auto receptor on the pre-synaptic neurons (before
synapse - the one sending the signal to the synapse) →
○Neurons are expressing receptors on the pre-synapse
and post-synapse areas
●Post-synaptic receptors
○Ionophoric receptors
■Proteins embedded in the membrane
■Na+ & K+
○Metabotropic receptors
■Nearby the protein that is receiving the
neurotransmitters and tells them to open up the
channel to allow the stuff to go through
○Gas-mediated (NO) transmission
■Nitric oxide will be created inside of a cell,
and the membrane cannot hold it
■This gas does not need a channel, just does what
it wants
○Gap junctions
Document Summary
3 na+ out for 2 k+ in. Hyperpolarization will inhibit the cell from reaching the threshold to then reach the action potential because it makes the cell more negative. Action potential will recharge at the nodes of ranvier. Auto receptor on the pre-synaptic neurons (before synapse - the one sending the signal to the synapse) . Neurons are expressing receptors on the pre-synapse and post-synapse areas. Nearby the protein that is receiving the neurotransmitters and tells them to open up the channel to allow the stuff to go through. Nitric oxide will be created inside of a cell, and the membrane cannot hold it. This gas does not need a channel, just does what it wants. The synapse opens up gaps that are not quite connected. Neurotransmitters are released into the synapse from the pre-synaptic neuron. The na+ moves into the cell that sends the epsp signal.
