COMM212 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Syllogism
25 Jan 2017
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Reasoning: reaso(cid:374)s are(cid:374)"t the sa(cid:373)e as reaso(cid:374)i(cid:374)g. Reasoning is the structure of your arguments. Offeri(cid:374)g reaso(cid:374)s is(cid:374)"t the reaso(cid:374)i(cid:374)g pro(cid:272)ess: good reasoning is the foundation of any speech. Reasoning is a v. important part of the speech: 2 types of reasoning: Uses specific premises to reach a conclusion of some kind. Makes use of a syllogism: major premise--statement of a general fact/truth, minor premise--specific instance of general truth in action, conclusion--logical result of major and minor premises. Varieties of syllogism: categorical minor premise belongs to a category stated in major premise, disjunctive provide either-or scenarios, conditional proposes if-then scenarios inductive. Deals w/ probabilities (uncertain/ not absolute: deal w/ these more than deductive bc most things are uncertain. Begins w/ particular pieces of evidence and comes to probable forms of reasoning: cause conclusion. Claim that 1 occurrence results in a specific effect. Consider if the cause is necessary and sufficient for the effect.
