PSYC 105 Lecture Notes - Lecture 25: Problem Solving, Functional Fixedness, Pliers
Document Summary
Ill-defi(cid:374)ed pro(cid:271)le(cid:373): path to solutio(cid:374) is u(cid:374)(cid:272)lear; (cid:374)o o(cid:374)e (cid:862)(cid:272)orre(cid:272)t(cid:863) a(cid:374)s(cid:449)er. Gestalt approach: perception: also studied problem solving, first represent a problem in the mind, to get to the correct solution, need to restructure the problem in the mind. Sudden insight: wolfgang kohler studied apes on tenerife, goal: observe how animal solve problems. Put apes in large cages and gave them tools to use to obtain apple, with sticks on the side. First tried to reach food with given tools. The(cid:374), see(cid:373)ed to ha(cid:448)e a(cid:374) (cid:862)aha! (cid:863) (cid:373)o(cid:373)e(cid:374)t, rea(cid:272)hed for other sti(cid:272)ks i(cid:374)stead. Insight in problem-solving: metcalfe and wiebe (1987) Warmth judgments every 15 seconds: results: Information-processing approach: newell and simon: problem solving can be thought of as a search, as if you were navigating a maze, problem space: Goal state: operators: rules specify which moves are allowed and which are not. Initial state: 3 pegs with 3 disks on first peg.
