PSYC 1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Reinforcement, Contiguity, Broccoli
SP18 PSYC 1: 1
Lecture 13: Learning 05-02-2018
Bereavement
• Financial – death
expenses, income
loss
• Social – loss of
friends (esp. for
couples)
• Physical – mortality
rate doubles
• Psychological –
loneliness and
depression
Learning
Classical
conditioning
Ia Palo’s
discovery
Losing a life partner
• Death of a spouse is given the highest stress rating
o Financial, social, physical, psychological
o Older women usually adjust quicker than younger women (older people
expected to die)
• Bereaved are at risk for health problems
• Mortality risk in surviving partner may double in first 3 months following
widowhood
• Social support helps adjusting to death
o Women are more likely to reply on network of friends
o Men more likely to remarry and have better financial resources
• Religiosity is associated with better adjustment to death
Learn from experience:
Learn by association:
1. When our actions have
consequences
2. When we watch what other
people do
3. When two stimuli (events or
sensations) tend to occur together/
in sequence
4. When actions become associated
with pleasant/ aversive results
• Associate two stimuli together because they repeatedly appear in sequence
o Eg. lightning comes with thunder
• Neutral stimulus – stimulus that does not trigger a response
• Unconditioned stimulus and response – stimulus that triggers a response
naturally without conditioning
• Dogs ega saliatig fro eutral stiuli
o Eg. seeing food, seeing dish, seeing researcher who feeds dog, hearing
footsteps
• Pair neutral stimulus and unconditional stimulus neutral stimulus becomes
conditioned stimulus resulted in conditioned response
• Temporal Contiguity – conditioned stimulus and unconditioned stimulus must be
done in close timeframe
• Examples of classical conditioning:
o Advertising uses classical conditioning: sell beer to straight men by using
hot aes if I uy the eer, I ill get the hot aes
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
