BIO SCI 94 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Hemoglobin, Radiometric Dating, Leptin

• School: UC-Irvine
• Department: Biological Sciences
• Course: BIO SCI 94
• Professor: Nancy Burley

Document Summary

Domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species. 2 main prokaryotic domains: bacteria and archaea. Cladogram : type of evolutionary tree built on cladistic principles. Synapomorphies: traits found suitable for grouping taxa or groups; shared(derived) trait in 2 or more taxa that was present in their common ancestor and missing further back. Parsimony: method that implies as few evolutionary steps as possible. Coherence: trees built using different synapomorphies should agree. Scientific theory : a proposed explanation for a very general class of phenomena; well supported by broad range of evidence. Hypothesis: proposed explanation for a specific phenomenon or set of observations. Extinct: a lineage whose members are all dead. Different species are related, not independent creations. Evidence from: geology and physics, fossils, homology. Measuring age of earth and different sediment layers; example: carbon isotopes. Radioactive decay: loss of particles from nucleus at a regular rate that is isotope specific. U 238 decay uranium; 4. 5 billion years, example: volcanic rock.