BIO SCI 93 Lecture Notes - Lecture 23: Multicellular Organism, Chromatin, Heterochromatin
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Regulation of gene expression || week 9 || lecture 23 || 11. 21. 16. 18. 2 eukaryotic gene expression is regulated at many stages. Both unicellular and multicellular organisms turn genes on and off in response to signals from environment. Regulation of gene expression is essential for cell specialization in multicellular organisms. Differential gene expression all cells in a multicellular organism contain an identical genome the subset of genes expressed in each cell type is unique. Differential gene expression = the expression of different genes by cells with the same genome. The function of any cell depends on the appropriate set of genes being expressed. Transcription factors must locate the right genes at the right time. Dna of eukaryotic cells is packaged into chromatin, the basic unit of the nucleosome. Allows dna to be packed tightly into nucleus and also helps regulate gene expression. The location of a gene"s promoter affects whether the gene is transcribed.