BIO SCI 93 Lecture 16: lecture 16

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9 Nov 2016

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Translation is the rna directed synthesis of a polypeptide. Rna synthesis is catalyzed by rna polymerase which pries the dna strands apart and hooks together the rna nucleotides. Rna synthesis follows the same base pairing rules, except t for. Transcription and translation always occur, not just after dna synthesis and is constantly going on (s phase) but the replication dna only happens in the s phase. A correct match between a trna and an amino acid, done by the enzyme aminoacyl- A correct match between the trna anticodon and an mrna codon. Transfer rna (trna)- message is a series of codons along an mrna molecule and the translator is called this. Its function is to transfer amino acids from the cytoplasmic pool of amino acids to a growing polypeptide bin a ribosome. Anticodon- base pairs with a complementary codon on mrna.

Related Questions

1. _________________________ is the name of the process that produces proteins using RNA molecules.

a.Transcription

b Translation

c. Replication

d. Mutagenesis

2. The peptide bonding site on the ribosome:

a. A site

b. P site

c. E site

d. D site

3. The name given to the bond formed between two amino acids.

a. Hydrogen bond

b. Double bond

c. Peptide bond

d. Negative bond

4. __________________________ is the movement of the mRNA molecule on the ribosome to open up the A-site for the new incoming amino acid.

a. Transformation

b. Mutation

c. Translocation

d. Initiation

5. What does the term semi-conservative mean.

a. Replication of RNA is semi-conservative, each new strand consists of one old strand of RNA and one new strand of RNA.

b. Replication of DNA is semi-conservative, each new strand consists of one old strand of DNA and one new strand of DNA.

c. Replication of DNA is semi-conservative, each new strand consists of new strands of nucleotides.

d. Transcription of RNA is semi conservative.

6. This molecule functions during protein synthesis to recognize the codon and bring the proper amino acid back to the ribosome for translation.

a. mRNA

b. tRNA

c. rRNA

d. DNA polymerase

7. What is meant by the base-pairing rule.

a. Bases on a single strand of DNA are always found as pairs

b. Adenine always base pairs with guanine; cytosine with thymine

c. Adenine always base pairs with thymine; cytosine with guanine

d. Bases on a single strand of RNA are found in pair.

8. In this step of protein synthesis, amino acids are added to a growing polypeptide chain.

a. Initiation.

b. Elongation.

c. Termination.

d. Transpiration.

9. Three complementary bases found in a mRNA are called ____________________.

a. Anti-codon.

b. Triplet.

c. Doublet.

d. Codons.

10. Which statement best describes the job or function of the messenger RNA.

a. Carries the map of the gene sequence in the form of codons to the cytoplasm

for translation of the protein.

b. It transfers amino acids to the ribosome for protein synthesis.

c. It forms the ribosomes.

d. It helps replicate DNA.

ceruleangnat663

Gene ExpressionQuestions

Question 1

#1) Match the following reactions to the correct step of proteinsynthesis by ribosomes.

___ Hydrolysis of GTP and disassembly of the translationcomplex.

___ binding of initiator aminoacyl-tRNA

___ formation of the peptide bond

___ translocation of ribosome

___ Use of 2 mole-equivalents of ATP and attachment of an aminoacid to a transfer RNA molecule

Answer Choices for Number #1
A. initiation step
B. elongation step
C. termination step
D. aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase reaction

Question 2

#2) Mark which of the following are needed for the synthesis ofRNA by RNA polymerase:

___ primer

___ ATP, CTP, GTP, UTP

___ dATP, dCTP, dGTP, dTTP

___ template

Question 3

#3) Mark which of the following are properties of a bacteria(prokaryotic) messenger RNA:

___		It has a cap at the 5'-end.
___		It has a poly-A tail at the 3'-end.
___		It has a 5'-untranslated region (UTR).
___		It has a 3'-untranslated (UTR) region.

Question 4

#4) Match the following RNA molecules to their respectivefunctions in the cell.

___ transfer RNA

___ ribosomal RNA

___ messenger RNA

___ small nuclear RNA (snRNA)

Answer Choices for Number #4

A. This RNA serves as the template for protein synthesis.
B. This molecule is a molecular component of ribosomes.
C. This molecule is a component of spliceosomes and serves torecognize the exon-intron junctions
D. This RNA molecule is delivers the amino acid to the ribosome andit recognizes the appropriate codons with its anticodon loop.

burgundyturtle416

Given the wobble rules, what is the fewest number of tRNAs necessary to insert the amino acid Leu into a peptide, and what is the anticodon for each tRNA? There are six codons that specify Leu: UUA, UUG, CUU, CUC, CUA, CUG. Keep in mind all sequences in this question are written 5' to 3'

A) two, with anticodons IAA and GAG

B) two, with anticodons UAA and IAG

C)three, with anticodons IAA, GAG, and UAG

D) three, with anticodons UAA, GAG, and UAG

E)three, with anticodons UAA, IAG, and UAG

A researcher isolates a mutant variant of the bacterial translation factor EF-G. The mutation allows proper folding of the protein and binding of GTP, but does not allow GTP hydrolysis. At what stage would translation be blocked by this mutant protein?

A)Binding of fMet-tRNA^fMet to P site.

B) Second aminoacyl-tRNA binding to the ribosomal A site.

C) Formation of peptide bond between amino acids.

D) Movement of ribosome along the mRNA to allow binding of a new EF-TuâtRNA in A site.

BIO SCI 93 Lecture 16: lecture 16

BIO SCI 93 Full Course Notes

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