PSY 2603 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Prosocial Behavior, Truancy, Relational Aggression
8 May 2016
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Document Summary
Type of reasoning: preconventional: behavior driven by rewards and punishments, stage 1: heteronomous morality- only act prosocially to avoid being punished, stage 2: equal exchange- act prosocially because they think they will be rewarded; reciprocity. Post conventional reasoning: internalization of societal rules, development of personal moral codes, stage 5: social contract- values, rights, and principles transcend the law, stage 6: universal ethical principles- a moral standard based on universal human rights. Cognitive component: perspective taking: being able to understand another person"s point of view. Emotional component: personal distress: experiencing the negative emotions that the other person must be feeling, can also be positive emotions. Is it necessary for prosocial behavior: depends: inverted u-shaped relationship. Lots of empathy: tend to show more prosocial behavior. Too much empathy: vicarious traumatization- experiencing the same level of trauma as the person sharing their experience. Instrumental- aggressing for the purpose of obtaining a toy or possession.
