BIL 150 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Sister Chromatids, Zygote, Cytokinesis

64 views3 pages

erinalligator886

16 Oct 2016

School

Department

Course

Professor

For unlimited access to Class Notes, a Class+ subscription is required.

Document Summary

Very similar to mitosis, but few differences. The first phase is most similar to mitosis. Prophase 1 - chromatin becomes condensed, chromatin coils, homologous pairs come together and formation of tetrad (4 chromosomes) Metaphase 1 - tetrads line and equatorial plate, homologous chromosomes are held together. Anaphase 1 - chromosomes move to poles, tetrads split up, sister chromosomes remain attached. Telophase 1 - chromosomes arrive at poles, two sister chromatids, result in cytokinesis. Prophase 2 - no duplication here, chromosomes move to middle of cell. Metaphase 2 - chromosomes line together at equatorial plate. Anaphase 2 - centromeres of sister chromosomes separate. Telophase 2 - four daughter cells, result in cytokinesis. Genes: units of heredity are segments of dna. Passed to next generation through gametes (sperm and eggs) One set of chromosomes is inherited from each parent. Carry genes controlling the same inherited characters (except for x and y) Diploid cell: (2n) has two sets of chromosomes.

Related Questions

31.????? interphase A. cytoplasm divided between the two daughter cells

32.????? chromosomenumber B. final phase of mitosis; daughter nuclei form

33.????? chromatid C. sum total of chromosomes in all cells of a given

type

34.????? cytokinesis D. chromosomes condense and mitotic spindle

begins to form

35.????? metaphase E. chromosomes line up at spindle equator

36.????? alleles F. sister chromatids separate, move to opposite

spindle poles now

37.????? prophase G. none between meiosis I and II

38.????? telophase H. half of a chromosome in prophase

39. ????? anaphase I. different molecular forms of the same gene

Matching

ultramarineporpoise990

-Complete the following sentences: metaphase of mitosis, prophase II of meiosis, crossing over, anaphase I of meiosis, variable, random fertilization, identical, random orientation, metaphase I of meiosis, prophase I of meiosis, metaphase II of meiosis, reduction division

Two processes that occur during meiosis produce genetically ____________ cells.

In a process called ____________ , paired homologous chromosomes align randomly at the cell equator. This occurs during this stage of cell division: ____________ .

In a process called ____________ , genetic material is exchanged between homologous chromosomes. This occurs during this stage of cell division: ____________ .

-Complete the following paragraph to describe nondisjunction and the resulting effects on chromosome number.

words: euploidy, primary nondisjunction, nomal, nondisjunction, secondary nondisjunction, homologous chromosomes, abnormal, trisomy, monosomy, sister chromatids, aneuploid

1.During meiosis I, ____________ separate and move towards opposite ends of the poles.

2.During meiosis II, ____________ separate and move towards opposite ends of the poles.

3.During meiosis I, if both members of a homologous pair go into the same daughter cell, ____________ is said to occur and no normal gametes are produced.

4.During meiosis II, if the sister chromatids fail to separate and both daughter chromosomes go into the same gamete, ____________ is said to occur. Half the gametes are aneuploid while the other half are euploid.

5.If an egg that contains 24 chromosomes instead of 23 chromosomes is fertilized by a normal sperm, ____________ is said to have occurred.

6.If an egg that contains 22 chromosomes instead of 23 chromosomes is fertilized by a normal sperm, ____________ is said to have occurred.

Determine whether the following applies to mitosis, meiosis, orboth; also identify the specific stage of cell division thatapplies (e.g. mitosis prophase, meiosis anaphase II, etc)

1) chromosomes pairs line up across the center of the cell

2) sister chromatids seperate

3) spindle fibers separate homologous chromosomes

4) 4 haploid daughter cells are produced

5) a cell 1st undergoes DNA replication

6) chromosomes line up single file across the middle of thecell

7) sister chromatids separate from each other

8) 2 haploid daughter cells form

9) the nuclear membrane re forms

10) spindle fibers attach to pairs of homologous chromosomes

11) the nuclear membrane begins to dissolve

12) centrosomes duplicate

13) synapsis and crossing over occurs

14) 2 diploid daughter cells form

turquoiseporpoise808

BIL 150 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Sister Chromatids, Zygote, Cytokinesis

Document Summary

Get access

Related Documents

BIL 150 Chapter Notes - Chapter 12: Sister Chromatids, Spindle Apparatus, Nuclear Membrane

BIL 150 Chapter Notes - Chapter 12: Sister Chromatids, Nuclear Membrane, Kinetochore

BIL 150 Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Cleavage Furrow, Spindle Apparatus, Nuclear Membrane

Related Questions