PSY 101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Neuroticism, Extraversion And Introversion, Conscientiousness
10 Nov 2018
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Distinctive and relatively stable pattern of behaviors, thoughts, motives, and emotions that characterizes an individual. Explain differences between people in terms of stable personality traits. Modern day psychologists have found 5 personality dimensions that span cultures. Preference for variety versus preference for routine. Helpful in predicting general trends in behavior. Too general to predict behavior in a specific situation. Behavior determined by: reward, punishment, classical conditioning. Temperaments: physiological dispositions to respond to the environment in certain ways: present in infancy, assumed to be innate, relatively stable over time. Babies who are easy or slow to warm up tend to be that way 10 years later. 123 pairs of identical twins and 127 pairs of fraternal twins. Results suggest that personality differences in the population are 40 - 50% genetically determined. Eysenck: differences due to arousability: extraverts: low arousability, so seek external stimulation lower heart rate reactivity, introverts: high arousability, so avoid external stimulation higher heart rate reactivity.
