BIO 200 Lecture Notes - Lecture 22: Velociraptor, Bronchus, Rachis
13 Nov 2017
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Moving heavy bodies -> new leg arrangement. Larger muscles need more oxygen -> increased heart efficiency. The body dries out -> dry, watertight skin. Eggs dry out -> watertight shells: four defining reptile traits, amniotic eggs: watertight shells, gas exchange, waste removal. External gestation: reptiles do not have moist skin. Scales are made of keratin (like fingernails, hair and feathers, not homologous) Must exchange gases through their lungs: reptiles lungs have more efficient air intake than amphibian lungs due to thoracic breathing. Amphibian lungs are inflated -> raises roof of mouth and forces air in -> limits air intake. Reptiles lungs inflated and deflated by the bellows of the rib cage -> pulls airs into lungs: amniotes have incredibly efficient kidneys, reptiles are ectotherms. Uses the sun to warm themselves, rather than metabolism. Humans are endotherm (stays around 96. 8 degrees f: amniotes are characterized by openings in the skull bone behind the eye. Synapsid skull: one opening in the skull.
