BSC 116 Lecture Notes - Lecture 38: Diversity Index, Camouflage, Ecological Niche
27 Aug 2016
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Document Summary
Ecological communities: types of species interaction 9predation, mutualism, competition, symbiosis, etc. , regulation of community structure. Predator/ prey dynamics are examples of community interactions. Multiple ways in which species interact: symbiosis: beneficial (+), negative (=), no effect (0) Predation: +/- one animal eats another: predator adapted to locate, subdue prey, prey adapted to hide, escape. Batesian mimicry: harmless resembling venomous, etc. animal. Mullerian mimicry: two venomous, etc. resembling each other. Herbivory: special case of predation; animal eats a plant/ alga: plants adapted for defense. Chemical protections: poisons, nicotine, caffeine, spices, etc. Parasitism: +/- parasite lives off of host: inverted size relationship, relative to predation, directly or indirectly affects host survival and reproduction. Parasitoids: intermediate between parasites and predators: e. g. , wasps laying their eggs on a caterpillar. Mutualism: +/+ both species benefit: n fixing bacteria on legume roots, cellulose digesting protists in cow, termite guts, flowering plants and insect pollinators.
