BIO 121 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Tunxis Community College, Chemiosmosis, Atp Synthase
23 Nov 2020
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
Single enzyme produces atp by combinding substrate with phosphate group + byproduct glycolysis produces all atp by slp. Seveeral membrane complexes produce atp at high rate. Mitochondria oxidizes sugars, lipids etc to provide energy to make protein gradient drives synthesis of atp. Chloroplast provides energy from light to make proteon gradient. Proton pump uses energy from photo/oxidative phosphorylation to push h+ across membrane against the gradient. Eneergy used to produce gradient is stored within etc as potential energy. Can measure gradient by measuring ph on either side of the membrane. Energy in gradient drives phosphorylation of adp to atp (atpsynthase) Comparison between compartmental ph and orientation of atp synthase. H+ movement against gradient called proton-motive force. Gradient produced by pumping protein out of organelle __> matrix ph increases. Exterior membrane is porous and ph doesn"t change much. Potential energy stored in gradient comes partly from chemical differential but mostly electrical difference. Thylakoid membrane is site of etc and atp synthase.
