BIO 115 Lecture Notes - Lecture 30: Bronchoalveolar Lavage, Pulmonary Compliance, Lung Volumes
Document Summary
Role of a careful history, physical exam, radiographic studies, serologic tests and lung biopsy in the differential diagnosis of the ilds. Signs of cor pulmonale: -increased p2, rv lift, r-sided s3, jvd, edema (advanced disease) Normal in ~10% initial presentation interstitial pattern: reticular, nodular, reticulonodular. Most ilds shows a reticular or reticulonodular pattern often most prominent at the lung bases. May show hilar lymphadenopathy sarcoidosis and calcified pleural plaques (asbestosis). High resolution ct more sensitive than cxr. Can guide selection of sites for surgical biopsy. Reveals details of the patterns and distribution of disease. Helpful in establishing a specific diagnosis in connective tissue disease- associated ild. Bronchoscopy with transbronchial biopsy (plus bronchoalveolar lavage) is a sensitive method for diagnosis of sarcoidosis and lymphangitic carcinoma, as well as pulmonary infections, but provides insufficient tissue for diagnosis of other forms of ild. Surgical lung biopsy is used for most ild and is considered the gold standard.
