A PSY 333 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Twin, Dopamine Receptor D4, Intellectual Disability
10 May 2020
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Prenatal: excessive medication, unusual delivery, anoxia (lack of oxygen) Postnatal: accident, illness, malnutrition, accidental poisoning (lead) Recessive gene: display itself only when transmitted by both parents (tay-sachs) Dominant gene: transmission by either parent leads to the display of that form of the characteristic (huntington chorea) Lesch-nyhan syndrome: normal father, carrier mother= son has syndrome by daughter is carrier (self mutilation) 3 major strategies used to asses heritability. Family: relatives of individual with disorder examined. Twin: comparison of identical twin resemblance to fraternal twin resemblance. Adoption: evaluate the relative contributions of genetics and environment. Results suggest that heritability estimates from behavioral disorders rarely exceed 50%. Provides evidence for the importance of environmental influence. Discover the genes associated with a disorder. Linkage analysis: location of defective gene (specific chromosome). Association analysis: tests whether a particular form of gene (an allele) is associated with a trait or disorder in the population. Chromosomes aberrant in either number or structure can cause death or diciencies.
