BIO 361 Lecture Notes - Lecture 21: Lysozyme, Tetrapeptide, Cell Membrane
10 Jul 2016
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Document Summary
Aldohexoses have aldehyde groups at the top of fischer projection structure. The key feature of these chemical reactions are the kinds of condensation reactions one sees between a carbonyl group and a hydroxyl group. This gives rise to formations of hemiacetals to oxygens on a single carbon or to hemiketals. Sugar groups with both hydroxyl groups and carbonyl groups can carry out an intra- (internal) attack to form a hemiacetal or hemiketal. In addition to the intra hemiacetal and hemiketals, one can also react glycosidic carbons that are formed from carbonyl carbons with a hydroxyl from another sugar. Shown here are two disaccharide sugars linked together. In this case, a methyl group is being placed on the hydroxyl of hemiacetal. Because of the optical activity of hemiacetals and hemiketals, you can put the substituent in one of two different ways to form an alpha or beta glucoside.
