BIO 208 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Midbrain, Motor Coordination, Gross Anatomy
19 Sep 2016
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Top down: gross anatomy: no microscope, major brain structures, subdivisions: Spinal cord: processing of sensory input; motor output. Medulla oblongata: control of heart rate, breathing, etc. Pons: information about movement from cerebral cortex to cerebellum. Midbrain: eye movements; coordination of visual and auditory functions. Diencephalon: thalamus- gateway of information to cerebral cortex; hypothalamus- control of autonomic function. Cerebral hemispheres: cerebral cortex (outer layer), hippocampus (memory); amygdala (control of emotional responses); basal ganglia (regulation of motor performance: the brain is a 3 dimensional structure that requires sections in all 3 planes to be adequately visualized: Sagittal (side: gray matter (cell bodies) is on surface of cortex, white matter (myelinated axons) is in the interior, cortical localization: diff parts of the cerebral cortex have different functions. Initial attempts to correlate function with bumps on the skull. Broca studied stroke patients who could not speak grammatically or write sentences but could understand speech, speak isolated words, could sing a melody.
