BIO 203 Lecture Notes - Lecture 26: Passive Immunity, Cytokine, Mhc Class Ii

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Lymphocytes (b and t cells) encounter antigens and bind to them using specific receptor proteins. Lymphocytes respond to contact-dependent signaling by proliferating and changing gene expression. The second response to a particular antigen is always stronger and faster than the first response. Antigen: small fragment of a protein, lipid, or carbohydrate. Thousands of a potential antigens in the same protein, millions on a microbial cell. Each adaptive immune cell only recognizes one potential antigen. Healthy animals do not have adaptive immune cells specific to self-antigen. Many adaptive immune cells will never encounter an antigen they recognize. Encoded by two genes that are rearranged during development. Clonal expansion - b cell divides to produce multiple identical cells with the same bcr. Respond rapidly to next exposure to the same antigen. T cells only interact w/ antigens that are already inside host cells.

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