01:830:101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Trichromacy, Subjective Constancy, Binocular Disparity
Perception terms
perceptual constancy - perceiving objects as unchanging even as illumination and
retinal images change
size constancy - Within a certain range, people's perception of one particular object's
size will not change, regardless of changes in distance or the video size change on the
retina. The perception of image is still based upon the actual size of the perceptual
characteristics
shape constancy - the tendency to perceive the shape of a rigid object as constant
despite differences in the viewing angle (and consequent differences in the shape of the
pattern projected on the retina of the eye)
monocular depth cues - distance cues available to either eye alone
relative size - monocular cue for depth perception; if we assume two objects are similar
in size, most people perceive the one that casts the smaller retinal image to be farther
away
texture gradient - monocular cue for depth perception; a gradual change from course,
distinct texture to fine, indistinct texture signals increasing distance
Interposition - monocular cue for depth perception; if one object partially blocks our
view of another object, we perceive it as closer
linear perspective - monocular cue for depth perception; parallel lines, such as railroad
tracks, appear to converge with distance. The more they converge, the greater the
perceived distance
location in plane -
motion parallax - as we move, stable objects appear to move relative to us
binocular depth cues - depth cues that depend on the use of two eyes
binocular convergence - a binocular cue for perceiving depth; the extent to which the
eyes converge inward when looking at an object
binocular disparity - a binocular cue for perceiving depth
Gestalt - an organized whole that is perceived as more than the sum of its parts.
Figure-ground - the organization of the visual field into objects that stand out from their
surroundings
Proximity - Gestalt grouping principle; we group nearby figures together
Similarity - Gestalt grouping principle; we group similar figures together
Closure - Gestalt grouping principle; we fill in "gaps" to create a full, complete object
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01:830:101 Full Course Notes
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