01:119:116 Lecture Notes - Lecture 25: Fluid Balance, Extracellular Fluid, Blood Proteins
23 Apr 2016
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Document Summary
Average person has ~5 liters of blood. Inorganic salts = ions = blood electrolytes. Fibrinogen serum = plasma minus fibrinogens. Produced in red bone marrow of certain bones (ex. ribs, vertebrae, sternum, pelvis) Multipotent stem cells in bone marrow potential to differentiate into any type of blood cell divides one daughter cell remains stem cell and other becomes specialised. Most numerous = ~25 trillion erythrocytes in average adult. Flexible biconcave discs (elastic framework) bend and pass through tiny capillaries in mammals: no nuclei and no mitochondria. Controlled by hormone erythropoietin (epo) = produced by kidneys. Negative feedback mechanism = sensitive to amount o2 reaching tissue. Low o2 kidney produced epo stimulates production of rbcs in bone marrow. High o2 level of epo reduced production of rbcs reduced. Specialised to defend body against invading pathogens. Not confined to circulatory system, also in interstitial fluid and lymph nodes. Formed by pinching off cytoplasmic fragments of large cells in bone marrow.
