01:119:115 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Gynoecium, Stamen, Gamete
13 Jul 2016
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Document Summary
For centuries, we knew characteristics passed from parent to offspring. Darwin didn"t know anything about genes and chromosomes. Mechanisms of inheritance not well understood until this century with gregor mendel. Mendel used the scientific approach to identify two laws of inheritance. First to discover basic rules of inheritance in eukaryotes. Published findings in 1865, but importance of work not realized at time. Mendel"s work has become foundation of science of genetics (figure 14. 1a) He discovered the basic principles of heredity by breeding garden peas. 1: many varieties available collected 34 distinct strains of peas from all over europe, easy to grow, short generation time. 4: chose clearly identifiable traits, easy to control pollination. Flowers have: stamen (male) and carpel (female: normally self-fertilize: Pollen grains from stamens land on carpel of same flower: experimental cross pollination: Remove anthers before mature pollen produced prevent self-fertilization. Character: a heritable feature that varies among individuals.
