BIO-17 Lecture Notes - Lecture 22: Diabetes Mellitus Type 2, Diabetes Mellitus Type 1, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Document Summary
Chronic disorder of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism due to defective/deficient insulin secretion. 2 hr after meal glucose > 11. 1 mmol/l. Sixth leading cause of death in australia. 29,545 australians stated using insulin in 2013. Many cases of type 2 diabetes can be prevented. 85% of diabetic patients: obese (80%, non-obese. Cells cannot compensate: maternal hyperglycaemia, increased foetal insulin secretion and increased growth. Results from another illness which damages pancreas. Cells synthesis and secrete somatostatin (ghih) Occurs in the cells of pancreas. Packaged into granules within cells of pancreas. Other factors can promote or inhibit insulin release but not synthesis: e. g. hormones and drugs. Use insulin to transport glucose into cells. Supplied to bloodstream via gi tract and liver. Glucose transported from blood to cells using glucose transport units (gluts 1-7) Gluts move from inner cell to plasma membrane to pick-up" glucose from the bloodstream. Increased bgls triggers cells to release insulin. Gluts pick up glucose from the blood.
