BIO 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Allele Frequency, Genotype Frequency, Genetic Drift
Document Summary
Evolution is a property of populations not individuals. Different members of species may have slightly different nucleotide sequences - alleles. Specific alleles interact with the environment to influence the development of physical and behavioral traits. Gene pool - all of the alleles in all individuals of a population. Population genetics - the frequency, distribution and inheritance of alleles in populations. Diploid organisms (homologous chromosomes) contributes two alleles of each gene to the gene pool. Allele frequency - proportion of times a certain allele occurs in a population. Evolution = the change of allele frequency within a population. Population geneticist - defines evolution as the changes in allele frequencies that occur in a gene pool over time. Equilibrium population - a hypothetical population in which evolution does not occur. Under certain conditions allele and genotype frequencies in a population will remain constant no matter how many generations pass. Allele frequency doesn"t change as long as following conditions are met: