ECON 102 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Monopolistic Competition, Natural Monopoly, De Beers

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14 Nov 2016
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Diamonds are more common than any other gem quality colored stones. At one point the de beers held 90% of diamond mines (60%-70% today) Diamond buyers are offered boxes of uncut diamonds and could not negotiate the price offered. Market structures: perfect competition, monopoly, oligopoly, monopolistic competition see pg 174 for table. A monopolist is a single producer of a good with no close substitutes. A monopoly is an industry run by a monopolist. Monopolies are hard to identify because of antitrust laws. A monopolist reduces the quantity supplied to qm and moves up the demand curve from c to m, raising the price to pm. In perfect competition, rms enter until there are no more pro ts. For a monopolist to be successful, there must be barriers to entry. These barriers allow a monopolist to make pro ts in the short and long run. Barriers to entry: control of a scarce resource.

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