BIOS 1700 Lecture Notes - Lecture 30: Antimicrobial Resistance, Mutation, Ploidy
6 Dec 2016
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
Types of mutations: base substitutions, insertions, deletions. Can have a drastic or minimal effect. Mutations can be both good and bad: good mutations. Evolution and adaptation mutations at levels of population and species level: bad mutations. Genetic diseases and cancer formation at the level of individuals: some mutations are good for some organisms and bad for others. Antibiotic resistance: good for bacteria bad for us. Mutations can occur spontaneously or can be induced: spontaneous mutations. Source: mistake by dna polymerases: induced mutations. Source: x-ray, uv light, and chemicals: ex. !1: humans accumulate many mutations per generation. # of mutations per one generation of organisms. Small and density packed genome: if mutated they show the mutation. Diploid organisms: one mutation isn"t always present because we have another set of genes coding for the same thing. Mutations occur in many cells of the body: germ-line (sex) cells. Go to the next generation but don"t affect this generation: somatic cells.
