BIO 111 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Cactus, Cell Membrane, Succulent Plant

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salmonwalrus328

20 Oct 2016

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Calvin cycle phase 2: reduction & carbohydrate production. Atp is used to convert 3pg into 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate. ( leo goes ger! nadph loses its electrons; 1,3-bpg accepts/gains them!) Two molecules of g3p exit the cycle to form sugar (glucose) Calvin cycle phase 3 regeneration of rubp. 10 g3p"s are converted into 6 rubp. Resets rubp to the cycle can continue. Remember, 1 glucose can be broken down with cellular respiration to yield ~30-34 atp! Why not just use the atps from the light cycle: plants need to store energy long-term in a more stable form. Ex. , starch polymers: plants use glucose as a building block to produce cellular structures. If a plant gets too dehydrated, it will die. Plants close stomata sometimes to stop water loss. But this also stops co2 from entering the leaf! C3 plants are the most common type what we"ve been talking about! Stomata frequently open to let co2 in and o2 out.

Related Questions

13.

Carbon fixation in plants refers to _____.

the reaction between any two carbon containing molecules.

the breakdown of glucose.

the synthesis of carbon dioxide.

the reaction between carbon dioxide and RuBP.

14.

The electrons that are excited by light energy in photosystems II and I are eventually used to_____.

breakdown RuBP

convert glucose to carbon dioxide

breakdown starch into glucose

reduce NADP+ to NADPH

15.

The light reaction of photosynthesis occurs in the ______.

thylakoid membranes

stroma

cytoplasm

matrix

16.

The final product of the Calvin cycle is ______.

		citrate
		G3P (glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate)
		lactate
		pyruvate

Question 1 The membrane structures inside the chloroplast are called the ______, while the fluid surrounding the stacks of membrane is called the ______.
a. stroma; thylakoid
b. thylakoid; cytosol
c. thylakoid; stroma
d. thylakoid; matrix
e. matrix; thylakoid

Question 2 What is considered the ultimate source of energy for living things on Earth?
a. the sun
b. electrons
c. green plants
d. oxygen
e. ATP

Question 3 Why do most plant leaves appear green?
a. They contain a lot of starch which has a green color.
b. They have chloroplasts which absorb green light for photosynthesis.
c. During the light reaction phase carbon dioxide is converted to oxygen which emits green light.
d. They have chloroplasts which absorb all colors of light except for green, which is reflected.
e. During the dark reaction phase water is converted to oxygen which emits green light.

Question 4 Plants perform only photosynthesis, not respiration. True False

Question 5 What is the primary purpose of the light reactions of photosynthesis?
a. to create oxygen gas
b. to produce glucose
c. to convert solar energy to chemical energy (in the form of ATP and NADPH) to power the dark reactions
d. to remove carbon dioxide gas from the atmosphere
e. to create water

Question 6 The light dependent reactions occur in the:
a. mitochondrial membrane.
b. mitochondrial matrix.
c. stroma.
d. thylakoid membrane.
e. cytosol.

Question 7 The energy to run the dark reactions of photosynthesis is produced _________.
a. by the CO2 initially used in the dark reactions.
b. during glycolysis
c. during the light reaction phase
d. during the Krebs cycle
e. during anaerobic respiration

Question 8 Which of the following substances could be totally eliminated and not interfere with the process of photosynthesis?
a. O2
b. H2O
c. light
d. CO2

Question 9 What product(s) do plants produce during photosynthesis that is/are used by humans and other animals?
a. carbon dioxide
b. carbon dioxide and water
c. glucose and oxygen
d. glucose
e. oxygen

Question 10 Only plants can carry out photosynthesis. True False

Question 11 During the light reactions of photosynthesis, ...
a. oxygen is produced from H2O.
b. glycolysis occurs.
c. the Krebs cycle occurs.
d. CO2 is combined into glucose.
e. ATP is broken down to ADP + P

Question 12 The reactants of photosynthesis are:
a. sugar.
b. sugar and water.
c. O2 and CO2
d. O2 and sugar.
e. CO2 and water.

Question 13 During the dark reaction phase of photosynthesis in plants...
a. ATP is created.
b. H+ ions are moved into the stroma from the matrix.
c. molecules of CO2 are combined into sugar.
d. H2O is split into oxygen and H+.
e. solar energy is converted to chemical energy.

coffeelion96

Q1. Which of the following is false concerning the Calvin Benson Cycle.

A. Utilizes both NADPH and ATP

B. Requires ribulose bisphophate carboxylase

C. Is responsible for the fixation of carbon dioxide.

D. Oxidize carbons

E. All of the above are true

Q2. Concerning the avian-adapted, highly pathogenic strain of H5N1 (called HPAI A(H5N1), for "highly pathogenic avian influenza virus of type A of subtype H5NI"), which of the following is false:

A. Cause "avian influenza" or simply "bird flu"

B. Has resulted in death of many millions of chickens and birds

C. Has resulted in recent deaths of many hundred thousands of exposed humans.

D. Endemic in many bird populations.

E. All of the above are true

Q3. Which of the following is mismatched concerning microscopy.

A. SEM: 3D representatio of surface features of cells and other objects, individual components in microbial communities, microbial environmental interactions.

B. Confocal: uses laser light sources to scan differentilly lableded specimens producing 3D images assembled by a computer.

C. Darkfield: can visualize living spirochetes in wetmounts, motility of celss in wet mounts.

D. Differential Interference Phase Contrast: Similar to phase contrast but adds prisms providing additional detail and quasi-3D effect.

E. Limit of resolution human eye (conventional light microscopy): 0.2 mm (2nm)

Q4. Which of the following is the correct decreasing order in resistance to heat and chemicals?

A. Protozoan cysts - prions - endospores - fungi - mycobacteria - lipid viruses - E.Coli

B. Endospores - prions - fungi - mycobacteria - protozoan cysts - E.Coli - lipid viruses

C. Endospores - prions - protozoan cysts - fungi - mycobacteria - lipid viruses - E. Coli

D. Prions - endospores - mycobacteria - protozoan cysts - fungi - E.Coli - lipid viruses

E. Prions - endospores - mycobacteria - fungi - protozoan cysts - lipid viruses - E.Coli

Q5. What is false concerning capnophiles?

A. mammalian cells in culture

B. Neisseria

C. Have a requirement for increased carbon dioxide

D. Hemophilus

E. All of the above are true

Q6. Which of the following is false concerning Biosafety Levels?

A. Requirments for facilities increase from BSL- 1 to BSL- 4

B. PPE increses from BSL- 1 to BSL- 4

C. BSL- 4 agents have no vaccines and treatments and include Ebola and Marburg viruses

D. BSL- 3 agents include Vibrio cholerae, Corynebacterium diphtheriase & Borrelia burdorferi

E. all of the above are true.

Q7. Which of the following would be the most likely and available choice for sterilizing heat labile liquids in different research and teaching labs at a school, while still retaining the materials in a useable state?

A. Membrane filtration

B. Gamma radiation

C. Autoclaving

D. Hot air oven

E. HEPA filter

Q8. In the aerobic metabolism of proteins by chemoheterotrophs (e.g., E.Coli and you)

A. Proteins are broken down into smaller prptides and eventually into amino acids by proteses (peptidases)

B. Certain amino acids may be converted to pyruvate

C. Certain amino acids may be converted to intermediates (e.g. oxaloacetate) of the Krebs cycle.

D. Certain amino acids may be converted to acetyl-CoA

E. All of the above are true.

Q9. Which of the following would be the most effective for sterilizing air in a hospital surgical suite during an operation?

A. Membrane Filtration

B. Ethylene oxide gas

C. Autoclaving

D. HEPA filtration

E. Gamma irradiation

Q10. The "roadblock" to continued oxidation of glucose in fermentations is bypassed through production of fermentation products for the purpose of

A. oxidation of NAD+ back to NADH

B. reduction of NAD+ back to NADH

C. reduction of NADH back to NAD+

D. oxidation of NADH back to NAD+

E. generating additional ATPs beyond that produced by glycolysis.

Q11. Which of the following is used in hand sanitizing soaps purchased from your local HEB?

A. Formaldehyde

B. Glutaraldehyde

C. Triclosan

D. Mercury

E. 5% hypochlorite

Q12. Enteric plating media (e.g., MacMonkey and EMB agars) have which sugar and a pH indicator to distinguish coliforms from non coliforms?

A. Glucose

B. Sucrose

C. Lactose

D. Maltose

E. Fructose

Q13. Normal antimicrobial therapy for active tuberculosis involves:

A. one drug for 10 days

B. two or more drugs for 10 days

C. one drug for at least 6 months

D. three or four drugs for at least 6 months

E. six or more drugs for at least 3 years.

Can you guys help me answer these questions please!!!

fuchsiaplatypus869

BIO 111 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Cactus, Cell Membrane, Succulent Plant

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