CHEM 24112 Lecture Notes - Lecture 20: Lithium Hydroxide, Chemical Equation, Sodium Hydroxide
29 Jun 2018
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CHEMISTRY 112 – DAY 20 Chapter 7 – Sections 4&5
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Reactions in Aqueous Solutions (in addition to Precipitation Reactions)
Arrhenius Acids and Bases
A strong acid is one in which virtually every molecule dissociates (ionizes) in water to an H+ ion and
an anion.
Strong Acids Behave as Strong Electrolytes; Examples – HCl, HNO3, H2SO4
A strong base is a metal hydroxide that is completely soluble in water, giving separate OH ions and
cations.
Most common examples: NaOH and KOH
An Acid/Base or Neutralization Reaction can be written similar to a precipitation reaction
Molecular Equation
NaOH + HCl NaCl + H2O
Complete Ionic Equation
Na+ + OH- + H + + Cl- Na + + H2O + Cl-
Net Ionic Equation
OH- + H + H2O
PRACTICE: The net ionic equation for the reaction of HNO3 and LiOH is
a) H+ + NO3– + LiOH → H2O + LiNO3
b) HNO3 + LiOH → H2O + LiNO3
c) H+ + OH– → H2O
d) Li+ + NO3– → LiNO3
Oxidation–Reduction Reaction
Reactions between metals and nonmetals involve a transfer of electrons from the metal to the nonmetal.
A reaction that involves a transfer of electrons.
2Mg(s) + O2(g) 2MgO(s)
Recall the Driving Forces for a Reaction (aka Product Formation):
Formation of a solid -- Precipitation
At least one of the products is a solid; reactants are aqueous
Formation of water – Acid/Base (Neutralization) or Combustion
One of the products is water
find more resources at oneclass.com
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Document Summary
Reactions in aqueous solutions (in addition to precipitation reactions) A strong acid is one in which virtually every molecule dissociates (ionizes) in water to an h+ ion and an anion. Strong acids behave as strong electrolytes; examples hcl, hno3, h2so4. A strong base is a metal hydroxide that is completely soluble in water, giving separate oh ions and cations. An acid/base or neutralization reaction can be written similar to a precipitation reaction. Na+ + oh- + h + + cl- na + + h2o + cl- Practice: the net ionic equation for the reaction of hno3 and lioh is a) b) c) d) Reactions between metals and nonmetals involve a transfer of electrons from the metal to the nonmetal. A reaction that involves a transfer of electrons. Recall the driving forces for a reaction (aka product formation): At least one of the products is a solid; reactants are aqueous. Formation of water acid/base (neutralization) or combustion.
