CHM 2045 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Redox, Sodium Hydroxide, Nonmetal
28 Feb 2017
School
Department
Course
Professor
CHM2045 Gower 1-25-16
Reactions in Aqueous Solutions
Precipitation Reactions
• Removal and combining of ions in water
• Changes a solution to a solid precipitate
Acid-Base Reaction
• For neutralization of acid and base
• Transfers a proton(usually H+) from acid to base
• Two kinds of acid-base reactions
o Arrhenius
o Bronsted-Lowry
Oxidation Reduction (Redox reaction)
• Transfer of electron from reducing agent to oxidizing agent
Arrhenius Acid
• Simple molecule(usually nonmetal) with H+ ion dissociates(ionizes) in water
o HCl + H2O→H3O+ + Cl-
o HCl: acid
o H2O: base accepts proton(H+ ion)
Bronsted-Lowry Base
• Base is anything that accepts Hydrogen ion
o HNO3 + H2O→H3O+ + NO3-
o HNO3: acid
o H2O: base
Acid-Base Trends
• Strong acids dissociate—more product than reactant
o HCl, HNO3, HClO4, H2SO4, HI, HBr
• Weak acids do not ionize as much—more reactant than product formed
o HNO2, HF, CH3COOH, HCOOH, HCN, HSO4-
• Strong Bases dissociate in water
o NaOH, KOH, Ba(OH)2
• Weak Bases do not dissociate as much
o NH3, NH4OH, CH3NH2, C5H5N
Precipitate
• Insoluble solid that separates from solution
o Molecular equation- Pb(NO3)2(aq)+2KI(aq)→PbI2(s)+2KNO3(aq)
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
