BIOS 10161 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Chief Operating Officer, Corn Oil, Carotene

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amaranthcricket286

6 Sep 2016

School

Department

Biological Sciences

Course

BIOS 10161

Professor

Schulz, Robert

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Document Summary

Carbohydrates : large group of molecules that all have similar compositions but differ greatly in size, chemical properties, and biological functions, general formula: cmh2non, 3 major biochemical roles. Source of energy that can be released in a form usable by organisms. Used to transport stored energy within complex organisms. Serve as carbon skeletons (when broken down) that can be rearranged to form new molecules: four biologically important carbohydrates (defined by number of monomers) Monosaccharides: one sugar; monomers from which the larger carbohydrates are constructed. Disaccharide: two monosaccharides linked together through covalent bonds. Glucose: exists in all living cells as an energy source, blood sugar used to transport energy, cells break down glucose to release stored energy and water and carbon dioxide. Cellular form of combustion: exists is straight chains and ring form ring form more common biologically (more stable, and exist in the ring form; d form is in living organisms (not l form)

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Kinetic energy is the stored energy that can be used for motion.

True

False

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When an electron is transferred from one atom to another, and the two atoms are then electrically attracted to one another, a(n) ________________ bond is formed.

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Changing the number of ____________ of an atom would change the chemical properties of the atom.

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Forming molecules and breaking down molecules in biological organisms usually requires the use of _________ to help the reaction proceed faster.

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Organic molecules have a core composed of .

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The building blocks of carbohydrates are

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active transport

cell fate

facilitated diffusion

osmosis

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Choose the membrane molecule responsible for the passage of polar molecules and ions into and out of the cell.

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carbohydrate chains

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The simplest cells are .

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organelles are not found in prokaryotic cells

mitochondria

chloroplasts

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Oxygen is consumed.

A water molecule is removed from the molecules.

A water molecule is added to the molecules

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R Group or functional group

COOH

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The final three-dimensional shape of a protein that includes the bonding of two or more polypeptide chains is call its _____ structure.

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How do DNA and RNA differ?

all statements are differences between DNA and RNA.

DNA is double stranded while RNA is single stranded.

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Thymine is present in DNA but not in RNA.

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phosphate

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All are components of a nucleotide.

5-carbon sugar

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transmembrane proteins

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